Blockchain technology has been gaining visibility owing to its ability to enhance the security, reliability, and robustness of distributed systems. Several areas have benefited from research based on this technology, such as finance, remote sensing, data analysis, and healthcare. Data immutability, privacy, transparency, decentralization, and distributed ledgers are the main features that make blockchain an attractive technology. However, healthcare records that contain confidential patient data make this system very complicated because there is a risk of a privacy breach. This study aims to address research into the applications of the blockchain healthcare area. It sets out by discussing the management of medical information, as well as the sharing of medical records, image sharing, and log management. We also discuss papers that intersect with other areas, such as the Internet of Things, the management of information, tracking of drugs along their supply chain, and aspects of security and privacy. As we are aware that there are other surveys of blockchain in healthcare, we analyze and compare both the positive and negative aspects of their papers. Finally, we seek to examine the concepts of blockchain in the medical area, by assessing their benefits and drawbacks and thus giving guidance to other researchers in the area. Additionally, we summarize the methods used in healthcare per application area and show their pros and cons.

中文翻译：

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基于区块链的医疗保健策略调查

区块链技术因其增强分布式系统的安全性、可靠性和稳健性的能力而越来越受到关注。金融、遥感、数据分析和医疗保健等多个领域都从基于该技术的研究中受益。数据不变性、隐私性、透明度、去中心化和分布式账本是使区块链成为一项有吸引力的技术的主要特征。但是，包含机密患者数据的医疗记录使该系统非常复杂，因为存在隐私泄露风险。本研究旨在研究区块链医疗保健领域的应用。它首先讨论了医疗信息的管理，以及医疗记录的共享、图像共享和日志管理。我们还讨论了与其他领域交叉的论文，例如物联网、信息管理、药物供应链跟踪以及安全和隐私方面。正如我们所知，在医疗保健领域还有其他关于区块链的调查，我们分析和比较了他们论文的积极和消极方面。最后，我们试图通过评估区块链的优缺点来研究医学领域的区块链概念，从而为该领域的其他研究人员提供指导。此外，我们总结了每个应用领域在医疗保健中使用的方法，并展示了它们的优缺点。正如我们所知，在医疗保健领域还有其他关于区块链的调查，我们分析和比较了他们论文的积极和消极方面。最后，我们试图通过评估区块链的优缺点来研究医学领域的区块链概念，从而为该领域的其他研究人员提供指导。此外，我们总结了每个应用领域在医疗保健中使用的方法，并展示了它们的优缺点。正如我们所知，在医疗保健领域还有其他关于区块链的调查，我们分析和比较了他们论文的积极和消极方面。最后，我们试图通过评估区块链的优缺点来研究医学领域的区块链概念，从而为该领域的其他研究人员提供指导。此外，我们总结了每个应用领域在医疗保健中使用的方法，并展示了它们的优缺点。