Background. The primary motor cortex of the hand (M1-Hand) is a target used in transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and in transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment and evaluation of motor neurological diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided neuronavigation locates the M1-Hand with high precision, but at a high cost. Although less accurate, the C3/C4 points of the international 10-20 system (IS 10-20) are routinely used to locate the M1-Hand. The international 10-5 system (IS 10-5) was developed with additional points (C3h/C4h), which could make it more accurate, but has not yet been tested on the location of the M1-Hand. Objective. To analyze and compare the accuracy of C1/C2, C3h/C4h and C3/C4 points in locating the M1-Hand correspondence on the scalp. Methods. The authors comparatively analyzed the distances from points C1/C2, C3h/C4h, and C3/C4 to the correspondence of the M1-Hand on the scalp in 30 MRI head exams. Results. In most cases, the M1-Hand was located between C1-C3h and C2-C4h in the left and right hemispheres of the brain, respectively. The C3h (0.98 ± 0.49 cm) and C4h (0.98 ± 0.51 cm) points presented the shortest distances from the M1-Hand, with a significant difference when compared with C3/C4. The accuracy between C1/C2 and C3h/C4h was not statistically significant. Conclusion. The C3h/C4h and C1/C2 points were more accurate when compared with the C3 and C4 points in locating the M1-Hand correspondence on the scalp.

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通过 10-5 和 10-20 神经刺激系统定位手的初级运动皮层：MRI 研究

背景。手的初级运动皮层 (M1-Hand) 是经颅磁刺激 (TMS) 和经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 中用于治疗和评估运动神经系统疾病的目标。磁共振成像引导的神经导航以高精度定位 M1-Hand，但成本很高。虽然不太准确，但国际 10-20 系统 (IS 10-20) 的 C3/C4 点通常用于定位 M1-Hand。国际 10-5 系统（IS 10-5）是通过附加点（C3h/C4h）开发的，这可以使其更准确，但尚未在 M1-Hand 的位置上进行测试。客观的。分析比较C1/C2、C3h/C4h和C3/C4点定位头皮M1-Hand对应点的准确性。方法。作者对比分析了 30 次 MRI 头部检查中 C1/C2、C3h/C4h 和 C3/C4 点与 M1-Hand 在头皮上的对应关系的距离。结果。在大多数情况下，M1-Hand 分别位于大脑左右半球的 C1-C3h 和 C2-C4h 之间。C3h (0.98 ± 0.49 cm) 和 C4h (0.98 ± 0.51 cm) 点与 M1-Hand 的距离最短，与 C3/C4 相比有显着差异。C1/C2 和 C3h/C4h 之间的准确性没有统计学意义。结论。与 C3 和 C4 点相比，C3h/C4h 和 C1/C2 点在定位头皮上的 M1-Hand 对应关系时更准确。M1-Hand 分别位于大脑左右半球的 C1-C3h 和 C2-C4h 之间。C3h (0.98 ± 0.49 cm) 和 C4h (0.98 ± 0.51 cm) 点与 M1-Hand 的距离最短，与 C3/C4 相比有显着差异。C1/C2 和 C3h/C4h 之间的准确性没有统计学意义。结论。与 C3 和 C4 点相比，C3h/C4h 和 C1/C2 点在定位头皮上的 M1-Hand 对应关系时更准确。M1-Hand 分别位于大脑左右半球的 C1-C3h 和 C2-C4h 之间。C3h (0.98 ± 0.49 cm) 和 C4h (0.98 ± 0.51 cm) 点与 M1-Hand 的距离最短，与 C3/C4 相比有显着差异。C1/C2 和 C3h/C4h 之间的准确性没有统计学意义。结论。与 C3 和 C4 点相比，C3h/C4h 和 C1/C2 点在定位头皮上的 M1-Hand 对应关系时更准确。