The red yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides naturally produces microbial lipids and carotenoids. In the past decade or so, many studies demonstrated R. toruloides as a promising platform for lipid production owing to its diverse substrate appetites, robust stress resistance and other favorable features. Also, significant progresses have been made in genome sequencing, multi-omic analysis and genome-scale modeling, thus illuminating the molecular basis behind its physiology, metabolism and response to environmental stresses. At the same time, genetic parts and tools are continuously being developed to manipulate this distinctive organism. Engineered R. toruloides strains are emerging for enhanced production of conventional lipids, functional lipids as well as other interesting metabolites. This review updates those progresses and highlights future directions for advanced biotechnological applications.

中文翻译：

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Rhodosporidium toruloides - 一种用于脂质及其他物质的潜在红酵母底盘。

红酵母红曲孢菌天然产生微生物脂质和类胡萝卜素。在过去十年左右的时间里，许多研究表明R. toruloides是一种有前途的脂质生产平台，因为它具有多样化的底物需求、强大的抗逆性和其他有利特征。此外，基因组测序、多组学分析和基因组规模建模也取得了重大进展，从而阐明了其生理学、代谢和对环境压力的反应背后的分子基础。与此同时，不断开发遗传部分和工具来操纵这种独特的有机体。工程化R. toruloides正在出现用于增强常规脂质、功能性脂质以及其他有趣代谢物的生产的菌株。本综述更新了这些进展，并强调了先进生物技术应用的未来方向。