Abstract The idea of decoupling “environmental bads” from “economic goods” has been proposed as a path towards sustainability by organizations such as the OECD and UN. Scientific consensus reports on environmental impacts (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions) and resource use give an indication of the kind of decoupling needed for ecological sustainability: global, absolute, fast-enough and long-enough. This goal gives grounds for a categorisation of the different kinds of decoupling, with regard to their relevance. We conducted a survey of recent (1990–2019) research on decoupling on Web of Science and reviewed the results in the research according to the categorisation. The reviewed 179 articles contain evidence of absolute impact decoupling, especially between CO2 (and SOX) emissions and evidence on geographically limited (national level) cases of absolute decoupling of land and blue water use from GDP, but not of economy-wide resource decoupling, neither on national nor international scales. Evidence of the needed absolute global fast-enough decoupling is missing.

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生态可持续性的脱钩：研究文献的分类和回顾

摘要 经合组织和联合国等组织已提出将“环境不良”与“经济商品”脱钩的想法作为实现可持续性的途径。关于环境影响（例如，温室气体排放）和资源使用的科学共识报告表明了生态可持续性所需的脱钩类型：全球性、绝对性、足够快和足够长。这一目标为根据相关性对不同类型的脱钩进行分类提供了依据。我们对 Web of Science 上最近（1990-2019 年）关于解耦的研究进行了调查，并根据分类审查了研究结果。审查的 179 篇文章包含绝对影响脱钩的证据，特别是在 CO2（和 SOX）排放与地理上有限（国家层面）土地和蓝水使用与 GDP 绝对脱钩的情况的证据之间，但不是经济范围内的资源脱钩，无论是在国家还是国际尺度上。缺少所需的绝对全局足够快去耦的证据。