For TiO₂–SiO₂–MgO and SiO₂–MgO–Al₂O₃flux system, the thermophysical and physicochemical behaviour of submerged arc slags studied. Slag plays an essential role in shielding the weld joint from atmospheric contamination. The mass percentage of each flux ingredient evaluated by the X-ray fluorescence technique. Twenty-one slags developed based on the mixture design approach. Thermogravimetric, DSC, and Hot-disc techniques used to analyze submerged arc slags. Thermogravimetric & DSC analysis was performed from 25 ºC to 900 ºC to find the thermal properties. The density measurement of slag performed at ambient temperature. Bond-behaviour was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. Regression models for different slag properties developed. The multi-objective technique utilized to optimize different slags.

对于TiO ₂ –SiO ₂ –MgO和SiO ₂ –MgO–Al ₂ O ₃熔剂系统中，研究了埋弧渣的热物理化学行为。矿渣在保护焊缝免受大气污染方面起着至关重要的作用。通过X射线荧光技术评估每种焊剂成分的质量百分比。基于混合物设计方法开发了二十一个炉渣。热重，DSC和热盘技术用于分析浸入的电弧渣。在25ºC至900ºC的温度范围内进行热重分析和DSC分析，以发现热性能。在环境温度下进行炉渣的密度测量。通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术研究了键的行为。建立了不同炉渣特性的回归模型。多目标技术用于优化不同的炉渣。