Photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis is a detection technique that has gained a wide attention in sensing applications. PEC presents the advantages of high sensitivity, low background signal, simple equipment and easy miniaturization. In PEC detection, light is used as an excitation source while current or voltage is measured as the output detection signal. The ability to couple the PEC process with specific bioreceptors gives PEC biosensing a unique advantage of being both selective and sensitive. The growing interest in PEC bioanalysis has resulted in essential progress in its analytical performance and biodetection applications.

Functional polymers have different applications in the development of novel PEC biosensing platforms. Recently, the interest in polymer-based photoactive materials has emerged as they are efficient and less toxic alternatives to certain kinds of inorganic semiconductors and sensitizers. Moreover, molecularly imprinted polymers are a class of synthetic bioreceptors that are increasingly used in PEC bioanalytics.

In this review, we will provide an overview on functional polymer-based PEC biosensing approaches. Novel classes of polymers as photoactive materials are reviewed and selected applications are described. Furthermore, molecularly imprinted polymers in the development of smart and sensitive PEC bioanalytical strategies are discussed.

光电化学（PEC）分析是一种检测技术，已在传感应用中引起广泛关注。PEC具有灵敏度高，背景信号低，设备简单且易于小型化的优点。在PEC检测中，将光用作激发源，同时将电流或电压测量为输出检测信号。将PEC过程与特定生物受体结合的能力为PEC生物传感提供了既具有选择性又具有灵敏性的独特优势。对PEC生物分析的兴趣日益浓厚，已使其分析性能和生物检测应用取得了重要进展。

功能性聚合物在新型PEC生物传感平台的开发中具有不同的应用。最近，人们对基于聚合物的光敏材料产生了兴趣，因为它们是某些种类的无机半导体和敏化剂的有效替代品，其毒性较低。此外，分子印迹聚合物是一类合成生物受体，越来越多地用于PEC生物分析中。

在这篇综述中，我们将概述基于功能聚合物的PEC生物传感方法。审查了新型的聚合物作为光敏材料，并描述了选定的应用。此外，讨论了在智能和灵敏的PEC生物分析策略开发中的分子印迹聚合物。