Rare metals (Ge, Ga, In, Cd) are key resources for the development of green technologies and are commonly found as trace elements in base-metal mineral deposits. Many of these deposits are in orogenic belts and the impact of recrystallization on rare metal content and distribution in sphalerite needs to be evaluated. Based on laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses, and micro-imaging techniques such as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD), we investigate the minor and trace element composition related to sphalerite texture for three types of mineralization from the Pyrenean Axial Zone (PAZ). Vein mineralization (type 2b) appears significantly enriched in Ge and Ga compared to disseminated and stratabound mineralizations (type 1 and type 2a, respectively). In vein mineralization, the partial recrystallization induced by deformation led to the remobilization of Ge, Ga, and Cu from the sphalerite crystal lattice into accessory minerals. We propose that the association of intragranular diffusion and fluid-rock reaction were likely responsible for the formation of patchy-oscillatory zoning in sphalerite, and the crystallization of Ge-rich accessory minerals. Chemical and textural heterogeneity is common in sphalerite from various world-class deposits and a full understanding of these heterogeneities is now crucial to assess the rare metal potential, and associated extraction processes of deformed base-metal ores.

中文翻译：

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变质铅锌矿床中关键金属的行为：以比利牛斯轴向带为例

稀有金属（Ge、Ga、In、Cd）是发展绿色技术的关键资源，通常作为贱金属矿床中的微量元素被发现。其中许多矿床位于造山带中，需要评估再结晶对闪锌矿中稀有金属含量和分布的影响。基于激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱 (LA-ICP-MS) 分析，以及激光诱导击穿光谱 (LIBS) 和电子背散射衍射 (EBSD) 等显微成像技术，我们研究了与微量元素和微量元素组成相关的比利牛斯轴向带 (PAZ) 三种矿化类型的闪锌矿结构。与浸染和层状矿化（分别为 1 型和 2a 型）相比，脉矿化（2b 型）似乎富含 Ge 和 Ga。在脉矿化过程中，变形引起的部分再结晶导致闪锌矿晶格中的 Ge、Ga 和 Cu 再迁移为副矿物。我们认为，晶内扩散和流体-岩石反应的结合可能是闪锌矿中斑片振荡分带形成和富锗副矿物结晶的原因。化学和结构异质性在来自各种世界级矿床的闪锌矿中很常见，现在充分了解这些异质性对于评估稀有金属潜力以及变形贱金属矿石的相关提取过程至关重要。我们认为，晶内扩散和流体-岩石反应的结合可能是闪锌矿中斑片振荡分带形成和富锗副矿物结晶的原因。化学和结构异质性在来自各种世界级矿床的闪锌矿中很常见，现在充分了解这些异质性对于评估稀有金属潜力以及变形贱金属矿石的相关提取过程至关重要。我们认为，晶内扩散和流体-岩石反应的结合可能是闪锌矿中斑片振荡分带形成和富锗副矿物结晶的原因。化学和结构异质性在来自各种世界级矿床的闪锌矿中很常见，现在充分了解这些异质性对于评估稀有金属潜力以及变形贱金属矿石的相关提取过程至关重要。