With respect to reducing the pressure on freshwater resources, treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation represents a sustainable alternative in agriculture. Due to their low quality and variable composition, TWW could entail harmful consequences for living organisms in terrestrial ecosystems. This study aims to evaluate how earthworm (Eisenia andrei) can modulate oxidative stress in bean plants (Vicia faba) that are irrigated over a course of 60 days with two doses of TWW (50 and 100%) in addition to a control condition (0%) irrigated with distilled water. This is achieved by measuring glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and malondialdehyde accumulation (MDA) in plants. Furthermore, catalase (CAT), GST, MDA, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities of the earthworms are also assessed. Our results show that growth and physiological parameters are modified when applying TWW irrigation. Moreover, oxidative stress apprehended by GST activity and MDA accumulation is exacerbated in V. faba plants after exposure to increased TWW doses. Similarly, TWW irrigation enhances oxidative stress parameters in earthworms with a crucial decrease in AChE activity. In addition, the presence of earthworms increases growth and physiological parameters; it also results in a significant reduction in GST activity and MDA rate in V. faba plants. Our results provide new insights into the impact of TWW irrigation on soil organisms and the importance of earthworms in the reduction of oxidative stress in plants.

关于减轻对淡水资源的压力，经处理的废水灌溉是农业上的可持续选择。由于TWW的质量低下和组成可变，可能会对陆地生态系统中的生物造成有害影响。这项研究旨在评估earth（Eisenia andrei）如何调节豆类植物（蚕豆（Vicia faba）），除用蒸馏水灌溉的对照条件（0％）外，还需在60天的时间内用两剂TWW（50％和100％）灌溉。这是通过测量植物中的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GST）活性和丙二醛积累（MDA）来实现的。此外，还评估了cat的过氧化氢酶（CAT），GST，MDA和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性。我们的结果表明，在应用TWW灌溉时，生长和生理参数发生了变化。此外，蚕豆中GST活性和MDA积累所预示的氧化应激加剧。TWW剂量增加后的植物。同样，TWW灌溉可提高A中的氧化应激参数，并显着降低AChE活性。另外，worm的存在会增加生长和生理参数；它还导致蚕豆植物中GST活性和MDA率显着降低。我们的结果为TWW灌溉对土壤生物的影响以及worm在降低植物氧化应激中的重要性提供了新的见解。