Abstract

This paper presents a detailed assessment on the yield and quality of bio-oil produced from the fast pyrolysis process of date seeds and date syrup industrial waste. Pyrolysis experiments were conducted at a temperature of 500 °C for 30 min using a laboratory-scale semi-batch reactor equipped with an inline condensing system to separate the oil fraction from the non-condensable pyrolysis gases. The physical and chemical properties of the condensed bio-oil from date seeds and syrup waste feedstocks are analyzed and compared. Results showed that the pyrolytic oil obtained from date seeds possessed relatively higher kinematic viscosity (1.42 × 10⁻³ kg/m s) and high heating value (29.06 × 10⁶ J/kg) than syrup waste bio-oil (1.31 × 10⁻³ kg/m s and 19.29 × 10⁶ J/kg). Gas chromatography mass–spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis of bio-oil obtained from date seeds and syrup waste primarily contained 2-furanmethanol (21.03%) and 2-fluoroformyl-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,2-oxazetidine (31.04%) with other valuable components, respectively. The pyrolytic oil of date seeds and syrup waste could be further refined and employed as building blocks for several value-added products in biofuel production and pharmaceutical/flavoring agents. Thus, the present study provides new functionality for the date palm industry to convert the waste products into valuable commodities.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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不同枣椰子工业废料热解成优质生物油的比较研究

摘要

本文对从枣籽和枣糖浆工业废料的快速热解过程中产生的生物油的产量和质量进行了详细评估。使用配备了在线冷凝系统的实验室规模的半间歇反应器，在500°C的温度下进行30分钟的热解实验，以从不可冷凝的热解气体中分离出油馏分。对来自枣籽和糖浆废料的浓缩生物油的物理和化学性质进行了分析和比较。结果表明，与 糖浆废生物油（1.31×10 ^-3）相比，从枣籽中获得的热解油具有相对较高的运动粘度（1.42×10 ^-3  kg / m s）和较高的热值（29.06×10 ⁶ J / kg）。 kg / ms和19.29×10⁶  J / kg）。从枣籽和糖浆废物中获得的生物油的气相色谱质谱（GC-MS）分析主要包含2-呋喃甲醇（21.03％）和2-氟甲酰基-3,3,4,4-四氟-1,2-恶唑烷（31.04％）与其他有价值的成分分别存在。枣籽和糖浆废物的热解油可以进一步提炼，并用作生物燃料生产和医药/调味剂中几种增值产品的基础。因此，本研究为椰枣工业提供了将废品转化为有价值的商品的新功能。

图形摘要