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The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on U.S. electricity demand and supply: an early view from the data
arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2020-06-30 , DOI: arxiv-2006.16504
Duzgun Agdas and Prabir Barooah

After the onset of the recent COVID-19 pandemic, a number of studies reported on possible changes in electricity consumption trends. The overall theme of these reports was that ``electricity use has decreased during the pandemic, but the power grid is still reliable''---mostly due to reduced economic activity. In this paper we analyze electricity data upto end of May 2020, examining both electricity demand and variables that can indicate stress on the power grid, such as peak demand and demand ramp-rate. We limit this study to three states in the USA: New York, California, and Florida. The results indicate that the effect of the pandemic on electricity demand is not a simple reduction from comparable time frames, and there are noticeable differences among regions. The variables that can indicate stress on the grid also conveyed mixed messages: some indicate an increase in stress, some indicate a decrease, and some do not indicate any clear difference. A positive message is that some of the changes that were observed around the time stay-at-home orders were issued appeared to revert back by May 2020. A key challenge in ascribing any observed change to the pandemic is correcting for weather. We provide a weather-correction method, apply it to a small city-wide area, and discuss the implications of the estimated changes in demand. The weather correction exercise underscored that weather-correction is as challenging as it is important.

中文翻译:

COVID-19 大流行对美国电力需求和供应的影响:来自数据的早期观点

在最近的 COVID-19 大流行开始后,一些研究报告了电力消耗趋势可能发生的变化。这些报告的总体主题是“大流行期间用电量减少了,但电网仍然可靠”——主要是由于经济活动减少。在本文中,我们分析了截至 2020 年 5 月的电力数据,检查了电力需求和可以表明电网压力的变量,例如峰值需求和需求斜坡率。我们将这项研究限制在美国的三个州:纽约、加利福尼亚和佛罗里达。结果表明,大流行对电力需求的影响不是可比时间范围内的简单减少,并且地区之间存在显着差异。可以表示网格上压力的变量也传达了混合信息:有些表示压力增加,有些表示压力减小,有些则表示没有任何明显差异。一个积极的信息是,在发布居家令期间观察到的一些变化似乎会在 2020 年 5 月恢复。将任何观察到的变化归因于大流行的一个关键挑战是纠正天气。我们提供了一种天气校正方法,将其应用于城市范围内的一个小区域,并讨论估计需求变化的影响。天气校正练习强调了天气校正既具有挑战性又很重要。一个积极的信息是,在发布居家令期间观察到的一些变化似乎会在 2020 年 5 月恢复。将任何观察到的变化归因于大流行的一个关键挑战是纠正天气。我们提供了一种天气校正方法,将其应用于城市范围内的一个小区域,并讨论估计需求变化的影响。天气校正练习强调了天气校正既具有挑战性又很重要。一个积极的信息是,在发布居家令期间观察到的一些变化似乎会在 2020 年 5 月恢复。将任何观察到的变化归因于大流行的一个关键挑战是纠正天气。我们提供了一种天气校正方法,将其应用于城市范围内的一个小区域,并讨论估计需求变化的影响。天气校正练习强调了天气校正既具有挑战性又很重要。
更新日期:2020-08-20
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