This study was conducted to assess whether levetiracetam (LEV) affects the survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) treated with concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. To this end, from 2004 to 2016, 322 patients with surgically resected and pathologically confirmed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype GBM who received TMZ-based chemoradiotherapy were analysed. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether LEV was used as an anticonvulsant both at the time of surgery and the first visit thereafter. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between the groups. The OS was 21.1 and 17.5 months in the LEV (+) and LEV (−) groups, respectively (P = 0.003); the corresponding PFS was 12.3 and 11.2 months (P = 0.017). The other prognostic factors included age, extent of resection, O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score. The multivariate analysis showed age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02; P < 0.001), postoperative KPS score (HR 0.99; P = 0.002), complete tumour resection (HR 0.52; P < 0.001), MGMT promoter methylation (HR 0.75; P < 0.001), and LEV use (HR 0.72; P = 0.011) were significantly associated with OS. In conclusion, LEV use was associated with prolonged survival in patients with GBM treated with concurrent TMZ chemoradiotherapy.

进行这项研究是为了评估左乙拉西坦（LEV）是否影响同时接受替莫唑胺（TMZ）化疗的胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）患者的生存。为此，从2004年到2016年，我们对322例经手术切除并经病理证实的异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）患者）野生型GBM接受基于TMZ的放化疗的分析。根据是否在手术时和之后的第一次就诊时将LEV用作抗惊厥药，将患者分为两组。比较两组之间的中位总生存期（OS）和无进展生存期（PFS）。LEV（+）和LEV（-）组的OS分别为21.1和17.5个月（P = 0.003）；相应的PFS为12.3和11.2个月（P = 0.017）。其他预后因素包括年龄，切除范围，O ^6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶（MGMT））启动子甲基化状态和Karnofsky绩效状态（KPS）得分。多因素分析显示年龄（危险比[HR]，1.02； P <0.001），术后KPS评分（HR 0.99； P = 0.002），肿瘤完全切除（HR 0.52； P <0.001），MGMT启动子甲基化（HR 0.75；P <0.001）。 P <0.001）和LEV使用（HR 0.72； P = 0.011）与OS显着相关。总之，在同时进行TMZ放化疗的GBM患者中，LEV的使用与生存期延长相关。