Attractiveness is perceived based on both facial physical features and prior experience for adults. Infants also prefer attractive or familiar faces, but it is unclear whether facial physical features and prior experience affect their preference. In this study, we investigated whether infants’ preference for faces was shaped by both facial physical features and facial looking experience. This experiment comprised two tasks, observation and preference looking. We manipulated fixation durations in the first task (observation experience) to differ between presented faces and measured the preference for faces in the second task right after the observation task. We conducted two experiments: the same faces in the same positions through both tasks in Experiment 1, and the same faces in different positions in Experiment 2, and analyzed the interaction between observation experience and attractiveness of face images in terms of preference. Observation experience and facial attractiveness only affected preference in Experiment 2: Infants generally looked longer at the flickered position but different face, but looked for the attractive face when the face in the flickered position changed from attractive to unattractive. We suggest that observation experience arouses spatial attention, and that facial attractiveness attracts infants’ attention only when they notice changes of faces.

中文翻译：

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六、九个月婴儿的面部偏好：面部吸引力和观察经验的影响

吸引力是基于面部身体特征和成年人的先前经验来感知的。婴儿也喜欢有吸引力或熟悉的面孔，但尚不清楚面部物理特征和先前的经验是否会影响他们的偏好。在这项研究中，我们调查了婴儿对面孔的偏好是否受面部身体特征和面部表情体验的影响。这个实验包括两个任务，观察和偏好寻找。我们在第一个任务（观察体验）中操纵注视持续时间来区分呈现的面部，并在观察任务之后立即测量第二个任务中对面部的偏好。我们进行了两个实验：在实验 1 中通过两个任务在相同位置的相同人脸，在实验 2 中不同位置的相同人脸，并从偏好角度分析观察经验与人脸图像吸引力的交互作用。观察经验和面部吸引力只影响实验2中的偏好：婴儿一般在闪烁位置看时间长但脸不同，但在闪烁位置的脸从有吸引力变为不吸引时寻找有吸引力的脸。我们建议观察体验会引起空间注意，面部吸引力只有在婴儿注意到面部变化时才会引起婴儿的注意。但是当闪烁位置的脸从吸引人变为不吸引人时，寻找吸引人的脸。我们建议观察体验会引起空间注意，面部吸引力只有在婴儿注意到面部变化时才会引起婴儿的注意。但是当闪烁位置的脸从吸引人变为不吸引人时，寻找吸引人的脸。我们建议观察体验会引起空间注意，面部吸引力只有在婴儿注意到面部变化时才会引起婴儿的注意。