Introduction: Many studies have been published, but none have pooled the useful evidence available in the literature to produce guidelines and health policies promoting healthy eating styles to prevent breast cancer (BC). The present study aimed to summarize the evidence produced to date, taking a judicious, critical approach to the quality of the studies analyzed. Methods: An umbrella review method was adopted, which is a systematic review of second-level studies, meta-analyses and literature reviews. Results: In all, 48 studies were considered: 32 meta-analyses, 4 pooled analyses, 5 systematic reviews, and 7 qualitative reviews. A higher intake of total meat, or red or processed meats, or foods with a high glycemic index, or eggs would seem to be associated with a higher risk of BC. Some foods, such as vegetables, would seem instead to have an inverse association with BC risk. One meta-analysis revealed an inverse association between citrus fruit and mushroom consumption and BC. Some nutrients, such as calcium, folate, vitamin D, lignans and carotenoids, also seem to be inversely associated with BC risk. The evidence is still conflicting as concerns exposure to other dietary elements (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids, dairy foods). Conclusion: Nutrition is one of the most modifiable aspects of people’s lifestyles and dietary choices can affect health and the risk of cancer. Overall, adhering to a healthy eating style may be associated with a significant reduction in the risk of BC.

中文翻译：

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乳腺癌的初级预防和饮食：伞评论。

介绍：已经发表了许多研究，但没有一项研究汇集了文献中提供的有用证据来产生指导方针和健康政策，以促进健康饮食方式来预防乳腺癌（BC）。本研究旨在总结明智的，关键的方法，以分析的研究质量迄今产生的证据。方法：采用总括审查法，该方法是对二级研究，荟萃分析和文献综述的系统评价。结果：总共考虑了48项研究：32项荟萃分析，4项汇总分析，5项系统评价和7项定性评价。摄入较高的总肉类，红色或加工肉类，高血糖指数的食物或鸡蛋似乎会增加患BC的风险。一些食物，例如蔬菜 相反，它与BC风险呈反比关系。一项荟萃分析显示，柑橘类水果和蘑菇食用量与BC之间呈负相关。某些营养素，例如钙，叶酸，维生素D，木脂素和类胡萝卜素，似乎也与BC风险成反比。关于暴露于其他饮食元素（例如多不饱和脂肪酸，乳制品）的证据仍存在矛盾。结论：营养是人们生活方式中最容易改变的方面之一，饮食选择会影响健康和罹患癌症的风险。总体而言，坚持健康的饮食习惯可能会大大降低患BC的风险。木质素和类胡萝卜素似乎也与BC风险呈负相关。关于暴露于其他饮食元素（例如多不饱和脂肪酸，乳制品）的证据仍然矛盾。结论：营养是人们生活方式中最容易改变的方面之一，饮食选择会影响健康和癌症风险。总体而言，坚持健康的饮食习惯可能会大大降低患BC的风险。木质素和类胡萝卜素似乎也与BC风险呈负相关。关于暴露于其他饮食元素（例如多不饱和脂肪酸，乳制品）的证据仍然矛盾。结论：营养是人们生活方式中最容易改变的方面之一，饮食选择会影响健康和癌症风险。总体而言，坚持健康的饮食习惯可能会大大降低患BC的风险。