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Global Geographic Distribution and Host Range of Fusarium circinatum, the Causal Agent of Pine Pitch Canker
Forests ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.3390/f11070724
Rein Drenkhan , Beccy Ganley , Jorge Martín-García , Petr Vahalík , Kalev Adamson , Katarína Adamčíková , Rodrigo Ahumada , Lior Blank , Helena Bragança , Paolo Capretti , Michelle Cleary , Carolina Cornejo , Kateryna Davydenko , Julio J. Diez , Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş Lehtijärvi , Miloň Dvořák , Rasmus Enderle , Gerda Fourie , Margarita Georgieva , Luisa Ghelardini , Jarkko Hantula , Renaud Ioos , Eugenia Iturritxa , Loukas Kanetis , Natalia N. Karpun , András Koltay , Elena Landeras , Svetlana Markovskaja , Nebai Mesanza , Ivan Milenković , Dmitry L. Musolin , Konstantinos Nikolaou , Justyna A. Nowakowska , Nikica Ogris , Funda Oskay , Tomasz Oszako , Irena Papazova-Anakieva , Marius Paraschiv , Matias Pasquali , Francesco Pecori , Trond Rafoss , Kristina Raitelaitytė , Rosa Raposo , Cecile Robin , Carlos A. Rodas , Alberto Santini , Antonio V. Sanz-Ros , Andrey V. Selikhovkin , Alejandro Solla , Mirkka Soukainen , Nikoleta Soulioti , Emma T. Steenkamp , Panaghiotis Tsopelas , Aleksandar Vemić , Anna Maria Vettraino , Michael J. Wingfield , Stephen Woodward , Cristina Zamora-Ballesteros , Martin S. Mullett

Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker (PPC), is currently one of the most important threats of Pinus spp. globally. This pathogen is known in many pine-growing regions, including natural and planted forests, and can affect all life stages of trees, from emerging seedlings to mature trees. Despite the importance of PPC, the global distribution of F. circinatum is poorly documented, and this problem is also true of the hosts within countries that are affected. The aim of this study was to review the global distribution of F. circinatum, with a particular focus on Europe. We considered (1) the current and historical pathogen records, both positive and negative, based on confirmed reports from Europe and globally; (2) the genetic diversity and population structure of the pathogen; (3) the current distribution of PPC in Europe, comparing published models of predicted disease distribution; and (4) host susceptibility by reviewing literature and generating a comprehensive list of known hosts for the fungus. These data were collated from 41 countries and used to compile a specially constructed geo-database (http://bit.do/phytoportal). A review of 6297 observation records showed that F. circinatum and the symptoms it causes on conifers occurred in 14 countries, including four in Europe, and is absent in 28 countries. Field observations and experimental data from 138 host species revealed 106 susceptible host species including 85 Pinus species, 6 non-pine tree species and 15 grass and herb species. Our data confirm that susceptibility to F. circinatum varies between different host species, tree ages and environmental characteristics. Knowledge on the geographic distribution, host range and the relative susceptibility of different hosts is essential for disease management, mitigation and containment strategies. The findings reported in this review will support countries that are currently free of F. circinatum in implementing effective procedures and restrictions and prevent further spread of the pathogen.

中文翻译:

松节距病因的镰刀菌镰刀菌的全球地理分布和寄主范围

松枯病(PPC)的病原体圆镰刀菌(Fusarium circinatum)是松树属物种的最重要威胁之一。全球范围。这种病原体在许多松树生长地区(包括天然和人工林)中都广为人知,并且可以影响树木的所有生命阶段,从新兴的幼苗到成熟的树木。尽管PPC的重要性,但圆环F.的全球分布却有记载,而且受影响国家中的寄主也存在这个问题。这项研究的目的是审查圆环镰刀菌的全球分布,特别着重于欧洲。我们根据欧洲和全球的确认报告,考虑了(1)当前和历史病原体记录,包括阳性和阴性。(2)病原菌的遗传多样性和种群结构;(3)欧洲PPC的当前分布,比较已发布的预测疾病分布模型;(4)通过回顾文献并生成真菌已知宿主的详尽清单来了解宿主的易感性。这些数据来自41个国家/地区,用于编译特殊构建的地理数据库(http://bit.do/phytoportal)。对6297份观察记录的回顾表明,马鞭草其对针叶树造成的症状发生在14个国家(包括欧洲的4个国家)中,并且在28个国家中不存在。来自138个寄主物种的现场观察和实验数据揭示了106个易感寄主物种,其中包括85个松属树种,6个非松树树种以及15种草和草种。我们的数据证实,在不同寄主物种,树木年龄和环境特征之间,对圆环镰孢的敏感性不同。有关疾病分布,寄主范围和不同寄主的相对易感性的知识对于疾病管理,缓解和遏制策略至关重要。这篇综述中报告的发现将支持目前没有圆环线虫的国家 在执行有效的程序和限制,并防止病原体进一步传播。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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