A biomaterial system incorporating nanocellulose, poly(glycerol sebacate), and polypyrrole is introduced for the treatment of myocardial infarction. Direct ink writing of the multicomponent aqueous suspensions allows multifunctional lattice structures that not only feature elasticity and electrical conductivity but enable cell growth. They are proposed as cardiac patches given their biocompatibility with H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, which attach extensively at the microstructural level, and induce their proliferation for 28 days. Two model drugs (3i‐1000 and curcumin) are investigated for their integration in the patches, either by loading in the precursor suspension used for extrusion or by direct impregnation of the as‐obtained, dry lattice. In studies of drug release conducted for five months, a slow in vitro degradation of the cardiac patches is observed, which prevents drug burst release and indicates their suitability for long‐term therapy. The combination of biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical strength, flexibility, and electrical conductivity fulfills the requirement of the highly dynamic and functional electroresponsive cardiac tissue. Overall, the proposed cardiac patches are viable alternatives for the regeneration of myocardium after infarction through the effective integration of cardiac cells with the biomaterial.

中文翻译：

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多功能3D打印补丁用于心肌梗死后的长期药物释放治疗

引入了包含纳米纤维素，聚癸二酸甘油酯和聚吡咯的生物材料系统，用于治疗心肌梗塞。多组分水性悬浮液的直接墨水书写使多功能晶格结构不仅具有弹性和导电性，而且使细胞生长。考虑到它们与H9c2心肌母细胞的生物相容性，它们被建议作为心脏斑块，H9c2心肌母细胞在微观结构水平上广泛附着，并诱导其增殖28天。对两种模型药物（3i-1000和姜黄素）在贴剂中的整合进行了研究，方法是将其负载在用于挤出的前体悬浮液中，或者直接浸渍所获得的干燥晶格。在五个月的药物释放研究中，观察到心脏补丁的体外缓慢降解，这可以防止药物爆发释放，并表明它们适合长期治疗。生物相容性，生物降解性，机械强度，柔韧性和导电性的组合满足了高度动态和功能性电响应性心脏组织的要求。总体而言，通过使心肌细胞与生物材料有效整合，拟议的心脏补丁可作为梗塞后心肌再生的可行替代方案。