A submerged macrophyte sediment microbial fuel cell (SP-SMFC) was constructed in this study. Ceratophyllum demersum L., Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillate were chosen as the submerged plants to form cer-SMFC, val-SMFC, hyd-SMFC systems. Plant groups showed the advantage of bioelectricity generation and pollutants removal compared with the unplanted system. The cer-SMFC group stood out with the maximum power density as 24.56 mW m⁻² and the average pollutants removal in overlying water (COD: 81.16%, TN: 65.27%, TP: 79.10%) and in sediments (TN: 26.40%, TP: 21.79%). The determination of root exudates and radial oxygen loss (ROL) demonstrated that C. demersum L. was superior to other studied submerged macrophytes. More root exudates may contribute to an increase in available substrates for electrochemically active bacteria and other microorganisms. Higher enzyme activities were obtained in three SP-SMFCs (especially in cer-SMFC). ATPase and APA activities in cer-SMFC group were increased by over 40% compared with the control. The results indicated that the presence of plants enhanced the microorganism activities, thereby improving bioelectricity generation and pollutants removal. This study will facilitate the application of SP-SMFC technology as an alternative for in situ remediation of polluted sediments.

在这项研究中，建造了一个水下大型植物沉积物微生物燃料电池（SP-SMFC）。选择Ceratophyllum demersum L.，Vallisneria natans，Hydrilla verticillate作为淹没植物，以形成cer-SMFC，val-SMFC，hyd-SMFC系统。与未种植的系统相比，植物组显示出生物发电和去除污染物的优势。cer-SMFC组的最大功率密度为24.56 mW m ^-2，其上层水（COD：81.16％，TN：65.27％，TP：79.10％）和沉积物中（TN：26.40％）的平均污染物去除率最高。，目标值：21.79％）。根分泌物和径向氧损失（ROL）的测定表明，Ç。脱粒L.优于其他研究的水下大型植物。更多的根系分泌物可能有助于增加电化学活性细菌和其他微生物的可用底物。在三种SP-SMFC中（尤其是在cer-SMFC中）获得了更高的酶活性。与对照组相比，cer-SMFC组的ATPase和APA活性增加了40％以上。结果表明，植物的存在增强了微生物的活性，从而改善了生物电的产生和污染物的去除。这项研究将促进SP-SMFC技术作为原位修复受污染沉积物的替代方法。