The nutritional study was performed for 90 days to assess the potential protective effect of three concentrations (0.5, 1, and 3 mL/kg) of d-limonene derived from orange peel essential oil against Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout. Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, serum glucose, alanine aminotransferase, total protein, and globulin were unaffected by any d-limonene treatment group. Red blood cell count, hematocrit level, hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations, cholesterol, triglyceride, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and albumin were significantly changed among groups. No histological differences were observed in liver tissue cross-sections between the control and treated groups. Lysozyme activity, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, and phagocytic activity were significantly changed among groups. At the challenge test with Y. ruckeri, fed with d-limonene groups showed a high survival rate. According to results, diets with d-limonene may have an application for rainbow trout production. Consequently, the use of natural products is important on antibiotic resistance in teleosts and humans, compared to the alternative use of chemical therapeutics to manage fish diseases and lower incidence in aquaculture.

营养研究进行了90天，以评估三种浓度（0.5、1和3 mL / kg）的橙皮精油衍生的d-柠檬烯对虹鳟鱼中耶尔森氏菌的潜在保护作用。平均红细胞体积，平均红细胞血红蛋白，血清葡萄糖，谷丙转氨酶，总蛋白，球蛋白和通过任何不受影响d-柠檬烯治疗组。各组之间的红细胞计数，血细胞比容水平，血红蛋白浓度，平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度，胆固醇，甘油三酸酯，碱性磷酸酶，乳酸脱氢酶，天冬氨酸转氨酶和白蛋白均发生了显着变化。对照组和治疗组之间在肝组织横截面中未观察到组织学差异。各组之间的溶菌酶活性，髓过氧化物酶，超氧化物歧化酶和吞噬活性发生了显着变化。在用Y. ruckeri进行的攻击试验中，饲喂d-柠檬烯组的存活率很高。根据结果，日粮d-柠檬烯可能有虹鳟鱼生产的应用。因此，与替代使用化学疗法来控制鱼类疾病和降低水产养殖发病率相比，使用天然产品对硬骨鱼和人的抗生素耐药性很重要。