The Oscurusciuto rock shelter (southern Italy) is crucial for the understanding of Neanderthals’ subsistence and settlement strategies as it contains a ~ 6-m-thick reliable deposit made up of several Middle Palaeolithic levels. This paper focuses on level SU 14, a 60-cm-thick deposit of volcanic tephra containing traces of human occupation only in the few upper centimetres.Geochemical and mineralogical features of SU 14 deposits allowed their correlation to the ‘Mount Epomeo Green Tuff’ eruption, which came from Ischia volcano and dated to ~ 55,000 years bp. The pyroclastic materials injected into the atmosphere caused an ash fall-out over a large part of southern Italy, resulting in the alteration of ecosystems.Sedimentological data demonstrate that the formation of SU 14 is attributable to a short-term event. Moreover, the lithic behaviour indicates that Neanderthals used the shelter mainly to perform specific activities related to the first phases of the reduction sequence (i.e. selection and import of pebbles into the site, initialisation and production of the first generation of debitage objectives, and introduction of already finished tools). Consequently, the layer SU 14 raises questions regarding the impact of deposition of volcanic ash on human communities, offering the opportunity to investigate the settlement and technological choices made by Neanderthals who were constrained by such an adverse environmental event.

中文翻译：

---

特非拉风灾期间的尼安德特人占领：Oscurusciuto岩石避难所（意大利南部吉诺萨）的SU 14中的技术和狩猎行为，沉积学和沉降模式

Oscurusciuto岩石掩体（意大利南部）对于理解尼安德特人的生存和定居策略至关重要，因为它包含一个约6米厚的可靠沉积物，该沉积物由几个旧石器时代中层组成。本文着眼于SU 14级，这是一个60厘米厚的火山特非拉沉积物，仅在少数几个上厘米处含有人类占领的痕迹.SU 14沉积物的地球化学和矿物学特征使其与``埃波默火山绿色凝灰岩''喷发相关来自伊斯基亚火山，距今约55,000 bp。注入大气的火山碎屑物质在意大利南部的大部分地区造成了灰烬的沉降，从而导致了生态系统的变化。沉积学数据表明，SU 14的形成与短期事件有关。此外，石器行为表明，尼安德特人主要利用避难所来进行与还原序列第一阶段有关的特定活动（即，选择卵石并将其导入现场，初始化和生产第一代借记物镜以及引入已经完成的工具）。因此，SU 14层引发了有关火山灰沉积对人类社区的影响的问题，