Hierarchical nanostructure, an engineered nanostructure with a higher assembly-level of constituents by low dimensional nano-building blocks, has received extensive attentions in the latest advancements in nanomaterial science and nanotechnology development. The ordered hierarchical nanostructures could offer merits such as more active sites, synergistic properties owing to their geometric complexity and building blocks variation, as well as the resultant multi-functional capabilities. Specifically, this review focuses on the integration approaches that may be feasible for large-scale production and manufacturing of engineered nanomaterials for various industrial applications, and the design criteria of hierarchical nanostructures targeted at various sustainable energy and environmental applications. In addition to chemical synthesis and integration methods, the development and application of hierarchical nanostructures are surveyed in energy conversion, generation, storage, uti...

中文翻译：

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用于能源和环境应用的纳米结构的分层和可扩展集成：工艺，设备和经济分析的回顾

分层纳米结构是一种通过低维纳米构建基块具有更高组装水平的成分的工程化纳米结构，在纳米材料科学和纳米技术发展的最新进展中受到了广泛关注。有序的分层纳米结构由于其几何复杂性和构件变化以及其多功能功能而可以提供诸如更多的活性位点，协同性质的优点。具体而言，本综述着重于可能用于大规模生产和制造各种工业应用的工程纳米材料的集成方法，以及针对各种可持续能源和环境应用的分层纳米结构的设计标准。