Purpose: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNP) have several applications in the field of biotechnology, including their use as anti-cancer drugs. The purpose of the present study is to analyze the efficacy of green synthesis on the preparation of SeNP and its effect on their anti-cancer properties.
Methods: A bacterial strain isolated from a freshwater source was shown to efficiently synthesize SeNP with potential therapeutic properties. The quality and stability of the NP were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, zeta-potential and FTIR analysis. A cost-effective medium formulation from biowaste having 6% banana peel extract enriched with 0.25 mM tryptophan was used to synthesize the NP. The NP after optimization was used to analyze their anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity. For this purpose, first, the cytotoxicity of the NP against cancer cells was analyzed by MTT assay and then chorioallantoic membrane assay was performed to assess anti-angiogenic activity. Further, cell migration assay and clonogenic inhibition assay were performed to test the anti-tumor properties of SeNP. To assess the cytotoxicity of SeNP on healthy RBC, hemolysis assay was performed.
Results: The strain identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri (MH191156) produced phenazine carboxylic acid, which aids the conversion of Se oxyanions to reduced NP state, resulting in particles in the size range of 75 nm to 200 nm with improved stability and quality of SeNP, as observed by zeta (ξ) potential of the particles which was found to be − 46.2 mV. Cytotoxicity of the SeNP was observed even at low concentrations such as 5 μg/mL against cervical cancer cell line, ie, HeLa cells. Further, neovascularization was inhibited by upto 30 % in CAMs of eggs coinoculated with SeNp when compared with untreated controls, indicating significant anti-angiogenic activity of SeNP. The NP also inhibited the invasiveness of HeLa cells as observed by decreased cell migration and clonogenic proliferation. These observations indicate significant anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic activity of the SeNP in cervical cancer cells.
Conclusion: P. stutzeri (MH191156) is an efficient source of Se NP production with potential anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties, particularly against cervical cancer cells.

Keywords: selenium nanoparticles, Pseudomonas stutzeri, MH191156, anti-angiogenic activity, clonal proliferation, cell migration, cervical cancer cells


中文翻译：

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使用施氏假单胞菌 (MH191156) 合成的硒纳米颗粒对宫颈癌细胞具有抗增殖和抗血管生成活性。

目的：硒纳米粒子（SeNP）在生物技术领域有多种应用，包括用作抗癌药物。本研究的目的是分析绿色合成对制备SeNP的功效及其对其抗癌特性的影响。
方法：从淡水源中分离出的细菌菌株被证明可以有效地合成具有潜在治疗特性的 SeNP。通过扫描电子显微镜、X 射线衍射、zeta 电位和 FTIR 分析研究了 NP 的质量和稳定性。使用具有 6% 富含 0.25 mM 色氨酸的香蕉皮提取物的生物废物的具有成本效益的培养基配方来合成 NP。优化后的NP用于分析它们的抗肿瘤和抗血管生成活性。为此，首先，通过MTT测定分析NP对癌细胞的细胞毒性，然后进行绒毛尿囊膜测定以评估抗血管生成活性。此外，进行细胞迁移测定和克隆形成抑制测定以测试SeNP的抗肿瘤特性。
结果：菌株鉴定为施氏假单胞菌(MH191156) 生产吩嗪羧酸，它有助于将 Se 氧阴离子转化为还原的 NP 状态，从而产生尺寸范围为 75 nm 至 200 nm 的颗粒，SeNP 的稳定性和质量得到改善，由 zeta (ξ) 电位观察到发现的粒子为 - 46.2 mV。即使在低浓度（例如 5 μg/mL）下，也观察到 SeNP 对宫颈癌细胞系（即 HeLa 细胞）的细胞毒性。此外，与未处理的对照相比，与未处理的对照相比，在与 SeNp 共接种的卵的 CAM 中，新血管形成被抑制高达 30%，表明 SeNP 具有显着的抗血管生成活性。正如通过减少细胞迁移和克隆增殖所观察到的那样，NP 还抑制了 HeLa 细胞的侵袭性。
结论： P. stutzeri (MH191156) 是 Se NP 生产的有效来源，具有潜在的抗血管生成和抗肿瘤特性，特别是针对宫颈癌细胞。

关键词：硒纳米粒子，施氏假单胞菌，MH191156，抗血管生成活性，克隆增殖，细胞迁移，宫颈癌细胞