Direct analysis of whole blood on bloodstained textiles is achieved with thread spray mass spectrometry (MS). This capability satisfies investigators’ first priority in crime scene investigations, which is determining if a stain is blood. This thread spray method explores the use of evidentiary fabric threads for rapid determination of hemoglobin directly from whole blood within textiles without prior extraction steps. The multiplicity of information that can be derived from the thread spray MS method distinguishes it from the current presumptive Bluestar® method, by enabling the detection of hemoglobin (both α- and β-chains), the heme co-factor and lipids all from a single blood sample. Lipid composition was found to differ for blood samples originating from human, canine, and horse species. The robustness of the thread spray MS method as a forensic analytical platform was evaluated in three ways: (1) its successful applicability to samples previously tested by the Bluestar® presumptive method, offering a confirmatory test without prior sample pre-treatment, (2) successful detection of heme from previously washed fabrics, which demonstrated the unprecedented sensitivity of the thread spray method, and (3) the ability to analyze samples stored under ambient conditions for up to 30 days. These results attest to the potential capabilities of the thread spray MS platform in forensic serology, and its application for direct analysis of evidentiary garments, which confer the advantages of rapid analysis and the reduction of the false positive and negative identification rates for blood on textiles.

中文翻译：

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通过螺纹喷雾质谱法直接鉴别全血以进行法医血清学分析。

通过螺纹喷雾质谱（MS）可直接对染有血迹的纺织品上的全血进行分析。此功能满足了侦查人员在犯罪现场调查中的首要任务，该工作正在确定污渍是否为血液。这种线喷雾方法探索了使用证据性织物线直接从纺织品中的全血中快速测定血红蛋白的方法，而无需事先进行提取。可以通过螺纹喷涂MS方法获得的大量信息将其与当前的推定Bluestar®方法区别开来，因为它可以检测血红蛋白（α链和β链），血红素辅因子和血脂，全部来自单血样本。发现源自人类，犬和马的血样的脂质组成不同。通过三种方式评估了螺纹喷涂MS方法作为法医分析平台的稳健性：（1）它可成功应用于以前通过Bluestar®推定方法测试的样品，无需进行样品预处理即可提供确认性测试，（2）从先前洗涤过的织物中成功检测出血红素，这表明线喷涂方法具有前所未有的灵敏度，并且（3）能够分析在环境条件下存储长达30天的样品。这些结果证明了螺纹喷雾MS平台在法医血清学方面的潜在功能，及其在直接分析证据服装方面的应用，这些优点赋予了快速分析的优势，并减少了纺织品上血液的假阳性和阴性识别率。