Sugar palm nanocrystalline celluloses (SPNCCs) were isolated from sugar palm fiber (SPF). In this study, acid hydrolysis (60 wt. %) at different reaction times (30, 45, and 60 min) was carried out to investigate the optimum yield of NCC. The physical properties, degree of polymerization, chemical composition, structural analysis, crystallinity, surface area and charge, zeta potential, thermal analysis, and morphological characterization were also conducted to determine the outcome (efficiency) of the process. The results showed that a needle-like shape was observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies. TEM analysis showed optimum aspect ratios of 13.46, 14.44, and 13.13 for isolated SPNCC-I, SPNCC-II, and SPNCC-III, respectively. From thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the degradation temperature of NCC decreased slightly from 335.15℃ to 278.50℃ as the reaction time increased. A shorter hydrolysis time tended to produce SPNCC with higher thermal stability, as proven in thermal analysis by TGA. The optimal isolation time was found to be around 45 min at 1200 rpm during hydrolysis at 45℃ with 60% sulfuric acid. Therefore, the extracted SPNCC from SPF has huge potential to be utilized in the bionanocomposite field for the production of biopackaging, biomedical products, etc.

中文翻译：

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水解时间对糖棕纳米晶纤维素 (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) 形态、物理、化学和热行为的影响

从糖棕纤维（SPF）中分离出糖棕纳米晶纤维素（SPNCCs）。在本研究中，进行了不同反应时间（30、45 和 60 分钟）的酸水解（60 重量%）以研究 NCC 的最佳产率。还进行了物理性质、聚合度、化学组成、结构分析、结晶度、表面积和电荷、zeta 电位、热分析和形态表征，以确定该过程的结果（效率）。结果表明，在透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 研究下观察到针状形状。TEM 分析表明，分离的 SPNCC-I、SPNCC-II 和 SPNCC-III 的最佳纵横比分别为 13.46、14.44 和 13.13。从热重分析 (TGA) 来看，NCC 的降解温度从 335 略有下降。随着反应时间的增加，15℃至278.50℃。正如 TGA 的热分析所证明的那样，较短的水解时间往往会产生具有较高热稳定性的 SPNCC。发现在 45℃、60% 硫酸水解期间，最佳分离时间为 1200 rpm 约 45 分钟。因此，从 SPF 中提取的 SPNCC 在生物纳米复合材料领域具有巨大的潜力，可用于生产生物包装、生物医药产品等。