Immune-related genes have great potential as prognostic markers in many types of cancer. Therefore, we have attempted to develop immune-related gene markers to enhance the prognosis of breast cancer; 1159 samples of breast cancer gene expression data and clinical follow-up messages were downloaded from TCGA and GEO, which were classified into training set, test set, and validation set. In the training set, the gene pairs are established according to the relative expression levels between 320 immune genes, in which the prognosis-related gene pairs are screened, and Lasso is used for feature selection to screen the robust biomarkers. A prognostic model of immune gene correlation was set up and verified. Sixty-six IRGPs were obtained, and 17-IRGPs signature was established. 17-IRGPs signature is an independent prognostic indicator for BC patients, which can stratify the risk in the training set and testing series, and AUC of five years survival was greater than 0.7; 17-IRGPs signature had better classification performance in patients with advanced BC. In addition, we compared the prognostic characteristics of 17-IRGPs with four reported breast cancers and clinical stages; 17-IRGPs achieved the highest average C index (0.7, P < 0.05), and functional analysis found that the dysregulated immune environment may be the cause of the observed difference in survival between patient groups defined by our characteristics. 17-IRGPs signature was constructed as a newly developed prognostic indicator to calculate the survival of BC patients.

Impact statement

Breast cancer is among the highest prevalent malignant tumors worldwide with a low survival ratio. Immune-related genes have great potential as prognostic indicator in many types of tumors. Therefore, we have attempted to develop immune-related gene markers to enhance the prognosis of breast cancer. 17-IRGPs signature was constructed as a newly developed prognostic indicator to predict the survival of BC patients.

中文翻译：

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乳腺癌个性化免疫预后特征的开发和验证。

免疫相关基因作为多种癌症的预后标志物具有巨大潜力。因此，我们尝试开发免疫相关基因标志物来提高乳腺癌的预后；从TCGA和GEO下载1159个乳腺癌基因表达数据和临床随访信息样本，分为训练集、测试集和验证集。在训练集中，根据320个免疫基因之间的相对表达水平建立基因对，筛选出与预后相关的基因对，利用Lasso进行特征选择，筛选出稳健的生物标志物。建立并验证了免疫基因相关性的预后模型。获得66个IRGP，建立17个IRGP签名。17-IRGPs 签名是 BC 患者的独立预后指标，可以在训练集和测试系列中对风险进行分层，五年生存期的AUC大于0.7；17-IRGPs 特征在晚期 BC 患者中具有更好的分类性能。此外，我们比较了 17-IRGPs 与四种报道的乳腺癌和临床分期的预后特征；17-IRGPs 达到了最高的平均 C 指数（0.7，P  < 0.05），并且功能分析发现失调的免疫环境可能是我们的特征定义的患者组之间观察到的生存差异的原因。17-IRGPs 签名被构建为新开发的预后指标，用于计算 BC 患者的存活率。

影响陈述

乳腺癌是全球发病率最高的恶性肿瘤之一，生存率低。免疫相关基因作为多种类型肿瘤的预后指标具有巨大潜力。因此，我们尝试开发免疫相关基因标记以提高乳腺癌的预后。17-IRGPs 签名被构建为新开发的预后指标，用于预测 BC 患者的生存。