Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) are more prone to suffer from faults and failures than bottom-fixed counterparts due to the severe wind and wave loads typical of deep water sites. In particular, mooring line faults may lead to unacceptably high operation and maintenance costs due to the limited accessibility of FOWTs. Detecting the mooring line faults is therefore critical, but the application of Fault Detection (FD) techniques has not been investigated yet. In this paper, an FD scheme based on a wave-excited linear model is developed to detect in a reliable way critical mooring line faults occurring at the fairlead and anchor ends. To reach the goal, a linear model of the FOWT is obtained by approximating the wave radiation and incident wave forces. Based on this model, an observer is built to predict the rigid rotor and platform dynamics. The FD scheme is thus implemented by comparing the Mahalanobis Distance of the observer prediction error against a probabilistic detection threshold. Numerical simulations in some selected fault scenarios show that the wave-excited linear model can predict the FOWT dynamics with good accuracy. Based on this, the FD scheme capabilities are demonstrated, showing that it is able to effectively detect two critical mooring line faults.

中文翻译：

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基于波激线性模型的浮式海上风力发电机系泊系统故障检测

由于深水地点典型的强风和波浪载荷，浮动海上风力涡轮机 (FOWT) 比底部固定的对应物更容易出现故障和故障。特别是，由于 FOWT 的可达性有限，系泊缆线故障可能会导致无法接受的高运营和维护成本。因此，检测系泊缆故障至关重要，但尚未研究故障检测 (FD) 技术的应用。在本文中，开发了一种基于波浪激励线性模型的 FD 方案，以可靠的方式检测发生在导缆器和锚端的关键系泊线故障。为了达到这个目标，FOWT 的线性模型是通过近似波辐射和入射波力获得的。基于这个模型，观测器用于预测刚性转子和平台动力学。因此，通过将观察者预测误差的马氏距离与概率检测阈值进行比较来实现 FD 方案。在一些选定的故障场景中的数值模拟表明，波激线性模型可以很好地预测 FOWT 动力学。在此基础上，展示了 FD 方案的能力，表明它能够有效地检测两个关键的系泊线故障。