The design and evaluation of the Langmuir probe system used in the first divertor operation phase of Wendelstein 7-X is described. The probes are integrated into the target plates and have individually facetted surfaces to keep the angle of incidence of the magnetic field within an appropriate range for different magnetic configurations. Multiple models for the derivation of plasma parameters from current-voltage characteristics are introduced. These are analyzed with regard to their assumptions and limitations, generalized, and adapted to our use case. A detailed comparison is made to determine the most suitable model. It is found that the choice of model has a large impact, for example, resulting in a change in the inferred temperatures of up to a factor two. This evaluation is implemented in a Bayesian modeling framework and automated to allow for joint analysis with other diagnostics and a replacement of ad hoc assumptions. We rigorously treat parameter uncertainties, revealing strong correlations between them. General and flexible model formulations permit an expansion to additional effects.

中文翻译：

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Wendelstein 7-X 测试偏滤器中的 Langmuir 探针系统

描述了在 Wendelstein 7-X 的第一个偏滤器操作阶段使用的 Langmuir 探针系统的设计和评估。探头集成到目标板中，并具有单独的刻面表面，以将磁场的入射角保持在适合不同磁性配置的适当范围内。介绍了从电流-电压特性推导出等离子体参数的多种模型。这些是根据它们的假设和局限性进行分析，概括并适应我们的用例。进行详细比较以确定最合适的模型。发现模型的选择有很大的影响，例如，导致推断温度的变化高达 2 倍。该评估在贝叶斯建模框架中实施并自动化，以允许与其他诊断和替换临时假设进行联合分析。我们严格处理参数的不确定性，揭示了它们之间的强相关性。通用且灵活的模型公式允许扩展到其他效果。