The abnormality of small overshoot in the temperature profile of strong normal shock waves has been resolved, and the bulk viscosity of dilute monatomic gases cannot be ignored. By introducing the total energy conservation equation rather than the internal energy equation, an equation for the non-equilibrium temperature has been suggested. The postulated temperature equation gives a monotonically increasing profile of Monte Carlo data. The Navier–Stokes approximation derives shock equations in one differential equation and one algebraic equation and gives that the ratio of the bulk viscosity to the shear viscosity is equal to 1/15 for dilute monatomic gases.

中文翻译：

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正常冲击波的非平衡温度行为和体积黏度的研究

解决了正常法向冲击波温度曲线中小的超调现象的异常，稀薄的单原子气体的整体粘度不容忽视。通过引入总能量守恒方程而不是内部能量方程，提出了非平衡温度方程。假定的温度方程式给出了蒙特卡洛数据的单调递增曲线。Navier–Stokes逼近可导出一个微分方程和一个代数方程的激波方程，并得出稀单原子气体的体积粘度与剪切粘度之比等于1/15。