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Finding Submodularity Hidden in Symmetric Difference
SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 , DOI: 10.1137/19m1243361
Junpei Nakashima , Yukiko Yamauchi , Shuji Kijima , Masafumi Yamashita

SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, Volume 34, Issue 1, Page 571-585, January 2020.
A set function $f$ on a finite set $V$ is submodular if $f(X) + f(Y) \geq f(X \cup Y) + f(X \cap Y)$ for any pair $X, Y \subseteq V$. The symmetric difference transformation (SD-transformation) of $f$ by a canonical set $S \subseteq V$ is a set function $g$ given by $g(X) = f(X \vartriangle S)$ for $X \subseteq V$, where $X \vartriangle S = (X \setminus S) \cup (S \setminus X)$ denotes the symmetric difference between $X$ and $S$. Submodularity and SD-transformations are regarded as the counterparts of convexity and affine transformations in a discrete space, respectively. However, submodularity is not preserved under SD-transformations, in contrast to the fact that convexity is invariant under affine transformations. This paper presents a characterization of SD-transformations preserving submodularity. Then, we are concerned with the problem of discovering a canonical set $S$, given the SD-transformation $g$ of a submodular function $f$ by $S$, provided that $g(X)$ is given by a function value oracle. A submodular function $f$ on $V$ is said to be strict if $f(X) + f(Y) > f(X \cup Y) + f(X \cap Y)$ holds whenever both $X \setminus Y$ and $Y \setminus X$ are nonempty. We show that the problem is solved by using $\mathrm{O}(|V|)$ oracle calls when $f$ is strictly submodular, although it requires exponentially many oracle calls in general.


中文翻译:

寻找隐藏在对称差异中的亚模量

SIAM离散数学杂志,第34卷,第1期,第571-585页,2020年1月。
如果任意对$ X的$ f(X)+ f(Y)\ geq f(X \ cup Y)+ f(X \ cap Y)$,则有限集$ V $上的集合函数$ f $是次模的, Y \ subseteq V $。规范集$ S \ subseteq V $的$ f $的对称差分变换(SD变换)是$ X \的$ g(X)= f(X \ vartriangle S)$给定的集合函数$ g $。 subseteq V $,其中$ X \ vartriangle S =(X \ setminus S)\ cup(S \ setminus X)$表示$ X $和$ S $之间的对称差。子模量和SD变换分别被视为离散空间中的凸和仿射变换的对应物。但是,与在仿射变换下凸性不变的事实相反,在SD变换下未保留子模量。本文介绍了保留子模数的SD变换的特征。然后,考虑到子模函数$ f $的SD转换$ g $由$ S $进行的SD转换,假设$ g(X)$由函数值oracle给出,我们担心发现规范集$ S $的问题。如果$ f(X)+ f(Y)> f(X \ cup Y)+ f(X \ cap Y)$都成立的话,则$ V $上的子模函数$ f $是严格的。 Y $和$ Y \ setminus X $是非空的。我们显示,当$ f $严格地是亚模的时,尽管使用$ \ mathrm {O}(| V |)$ oracle调用可以解决该问题,尽管通常它需要成倍的次数来执行oracle调用。只要$ X \ setminus Y $和$ Y \ setminus X $都是非空的,则f(X \ cup Y)+ f(X \ cap Y)$成立。我们显示,当$ f $严格地是亚模的时,尽管使用$ \ mathrm {O}(| V |)$ oracle调用可以解决该问题,尽管通常它需要成倍的次数来执行oracle调用。只要$ X \ setminus Y $和$ Y \ setminus X $都是非空的,则f(X \ cup Y)+ f(X \ cap Y)$成立。我们显示,当$ f $严格地是亚模的时,尽管使用$ \ mathrm {O}(| V |)$ oracle调用可以解决该问题,尽管通常它需要成倍的次数来执行oracle调用。
更新日期:2020-03-03
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