Invasive pathogens are a growing conservation challenge and often occur in tandem with rapid environmental transformation, such as climate change, drought and habitat loss. Climate change appears to have facilitated the spread of West Nile virus (WNV), a cause of widespread avian mortality. WNV is considered the primary threat to island scrub‐jays (Aphelocoma insularis), endemic to Santa Cruz Island, California. Two approaches have been proposed to safeguard island scrub‐jays: (a) vaccination and (b) conservation translocation to re‐establish a second population on neighbouring Santa Rosa Island, hypothesized to have a lower risk of WNV. These alternatives operate at regional scales but exemplify global concerns with strategic implications for conservation biogeography and climate adaptation.

中文翻译：

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有针对性的疫苗接种是保护西尼罗河病毒威胁的岛屿特有鸟类的最有效策略

入侵性病原体是一个日益严峻的保护挑战，通常与快速的环境转变同时发生，例如气候变化，干旱和栖息地丧失。气候变化似乎促进了西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的传播，这是禽类广泛死亡的原因。WNV被认为是对加利福尼亚州圣克鲁斯岛特有的岛屿灌木sc（Aphelocoma insularis）的主要威胁。已经提出了两种方法来保护岛屿灌丛鸟：（a）疫苗接种和（b）保护转移，以在邻近的圣罗莎岛上重新建立第二个种群，据认为这些人群的西尼罗病毒风险较低。这些替代方案在区域范围内运作，但却是全球关注的焦点，对保护生物地理学和气候适应具有战略意义。