The excessive intake of antioxidant drugs due to veterinary and human medical treatment poses serious health risks to both humans and animals. In this context, the monitoring of antioxidant drugs in animal and human biological systems is important and has provoked a universal scientific challenge. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to develop cost-effective electrochemical sensing electrode materials for the sensing of bio-analytes and pharmaceutical drugs in biological samples. In this work, electro-etched carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were coated with bottlebrush-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires via a facile hydrothermal method for the preparation of a CNF-ZnO nanocomposite as a promising electrode material for the trace level detection of silymarin. The fabricated CNF-ZnO glassy carbon electrode (GCE) demonstrated a higher anodic peak current, lower peak potential, and excellent sensing performance of silymarin compared to GCEs fabricated with ZnO or CNFs. The CNF-ZnO-GCE exhibited an appreciable linear response range (2–123 nM), good sensitivity (1.728 μA∙nM⁻¹ cm²), and an ultra-low detection limit (1 nM). We also successfully showcased its specific sensing behavior for the sensing of silymarin in the presence of structurally similar compounds and metal ions. Furthermore, the CNF-ZnO-GCE was effectively applied to real biological and pharmacological samples for the efficient determination of silymarin, with which we obtained satisfactory recovery values.

由于兽医和人类医学治疗而过量摄入的抗氧化剂药物，对人类和动物均构成严重的健康风险。在这种情况下，对动物和人类生物系统中抗氧化剂的监控非常重要，并引发了普遍的科学挑战。因此，开发具有成本效益的电化学传感电极材料以传感生物样品中的生物分析物和药物至关重要。在这项工作中，通过便捷的水热法，用毛刷状氧化锌（ZnO）纳米线涂覆电蚀碳纳米纤维（CNF），以制备CNF-ZnO纳米复合材料，作为水飞蓟素痕量检测的有希望的电极材料。 。制成的CNF-ZnO玻碳电极（GCE）具有较高的阳极峰值电流，与用ZnO或CNF制成的GCE相比，水飞蓟素具有更低的峰值电势和出色的传感性能。CNF-ZnO-GCE表现出可观的线性响应范围（2–123 nM），良好的灵敏度（1.728μA∙nM^-1  cm ²）和超低检测限（1 nM）。我们还成功展示了其在结构相似的化合物和金属离子存在下对水飞蓟素感测的特定感测行为。此外，CNF-ZnO-GCE有效地应用于实际的生物和药理样品中，可有效测定水飞蓟素，从而获得令人满意的回收率。