Abstract The environmental characteristics of difficult mountainous regions has ruled out the easy installation of buffer structures in tunnels. To address this problem, we proposed the installation of cross passages in an entrance section to alleviate the aerodynamic effects of a high-speed train entering the tunnel. In this study, a slide rail high-speed train experimental aerodynamic model was established based on the same principles. By combining the aerodynamic model experiments with a numerical simulation, the effect of cross passage on the generation and propagation of compression waves and micro-pressure waves was investigated. The simulation was capable of predicting the behavior of compression waves and verifying the correctness of the model at a low cost. The results showed that the installation of cross passages could reduce the peak pressure of the initial compression wave, modulate the pressure fluctuation in the tunnel and reduce the micro-pressure wave. For a train speed of 350 ​km/h and a tunnel cross-sectional area of 100 ​m2, the cross passage with the best modulation effect had a length of 10 ​m and a cross-sectional area of 20 ​m2. This cross passage was located at a distance of 10–20 ​m from the tunnel opening.

中文翻译：

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山区峡谷地区高速铁路隧道入口段横穿通道气动效应

摘要 困难山区的环境特征排除了隧道缓冲结构的容易安装。为了解决这个问题，我们建议在入口段安装交叉通道，以减轻高速列车进入隧道的空气动力学影响。本研究基于相同的原理建立了滑轨高速列车实验空气动力学模型。通过气动模型实验与数值模拟相结合，研究了交叉通道对压缩波和微压力波的产生和传播的影响。该仿真能够以较低的成本预测压缩波的行为并验证模型的正确性。结果表明，设置交叉通道可以降低初始压缩波的峰值压力，调节隧道内的压力波动，减少微压力波。列车时速350km/h，隧道截面积100m2，调制效果最好的横穿通道长度为10m，截面积为20m2。该交叉通道位于距离隧道开口 10-20 米处。