In everyday life, we often use graphical interfaces where the visual space is mapped to the motor space with a visuomotor gain called the control display gain. One of the key objectives in the field of Human Computer Interaction is to design this control display gain so as to enhance users’ performance. Although the control display gain involved in operating systems has been found to improve users’ pointing performance, the reasons for this improvement have not yet been fully elucidated, especially because the control display gains on operating systems are both non-constant and non-linear. Here, we tested non-constant but linear velocity-based control display gains to determine which parameters were responsible for pointing performance changes based on analyses of the movement kinematics. Using a Fitts’ paradigm, constant gains of 1 and 3 were compared with a linearly increasing gain (i.e., the control display gain increases with the motor velocity) and a decreasing gain (i.e., the control display gain decreases with the motor velocity). Three movements with various indexes of difficulty (ID) were tested (3, 5 and 7 bits). The increasing gain was expected to increase the velocity of the initial impulse phase and decrease that of the correction phase, thus decreasing the movement time (MT), and the contrary in the case of the decreasing gain. Although the decreasing gain increased MT at ID3, the increasing gain was found to be less efficient than the constant gain of 3, probably because a non-constant gain between the motion and its visual consequences disrupted the sensorimotor control. In addition, the kinematic analyses of the movements suggested that the motion profile was planned by the central nervous system based on the visuomotor gain at maximum motor velocity, as common features were observed between the constant gain of 1 and the decreasing gain, and between the constant gain of 3 and the increasing gain. By contrast, the amplitude of the velocity profile seemed to be specific to each particular visuomotor mapping process.

在日常生活中，我们经常使用图形界面，其中视觉空间被映射到运动空间，该运动具有称为控制显示增益的视觉运动增益。人机交互领域的主要目标之一是设计这种控制显示增益，以增强用户的性能。尽管已经发现操作系统中涉及的控制显示增益可以改善用户的指向性能，但是尚未完全阐明这种改进的原因，尤其是因为操作系统上的控制显示增益既是非恒定的又是非线性的。在这里，我们测试了非恒定但基于线性速度的控制显示增益，从而基于运动学运动学分析来确定哪些参数负责指向性能变化。使用Fitts的范式，将1和3的恒定增益与线性增加的增益（即，控制显示增益随电动机速度增加）和减小的增益（即，控制显示增益随电动机速度减小）进行比较。测试了具有不同难度指标（ID）的三个动作（3位，5位和7位）。期望增加的增益会增加初始脉冲阶段的速度，并减少校正阶段的速度，从而减少移动时间（MT），而在减少的情况下则相反。尽管减小的增益在ID3处增加了MT，但发现增加的增益比恒定增益3效率低，这可能是因为运动及其视觉后果之间的非恒定增益干扰了感觉运动控制。此外，运动的运动学分析表明，运动曲线是由中枢神经系统基于最大运动速度下的视运动增益计划的，因为在恒定增益1和减小增益之间以及在恒定增益之间观察到共同特征。 3，收益增加。相比之下，速度分布图的振幅似乎是特定于每个特定的运动成像过程的。