Abstract

An algorithm for analyzing the structural and functional organization of crowns of Salix species is proposed in this study. It can be used to study the architecture of various species of trees and shrubs. The structural and biological diversity of the boreal Salix species is insufficiently investigated. The study of plant organs based on the concept of “architectural models” is particularly relevant. We first studied the architecture of crowns of Salix species using three-year shoot systems (TYSS’s). A new technique based on gender differences and illumination has been developed to study the architectural modules of Salix boreal species. Sixteen species and 11 life forms have been studied belonging to two major categories: trees and shrubs. For some species, elfin life forms have also been described. Seven architectural modules have been identified: three modules in trees and tall shrubs, two modules in medium-sized shrubs, and two modules in low shrubs. The life forms of individuals of Salix subspecies were formed on the basis of three architectural modules, and the Vetrix subfamily was based on six architectural modules. We have proved that female individuals of Salix species (except for S. acutifolia) have a greater variety of TYSS types compared to male ones. They assimilate “year-long” shoots as a part of TYSS’s in female individuals from 1.3 to 1.7 times more than in male ones. This provides them with a larger assimilating surface. The crowns of female individuals have been found to be more branched. Year-long shoots developing from dormant buds are found in low shrubs 3–6 times more often than in trees. Different parts of the crown of trees and high shrubs species differ in the ratio of year-long assimilating shoots: the largest number of them is in the middle and upper parts of the crown and the smallest number is in the lower part.

中文翻译：

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光照和性别差异对柳属植物物种结构的影响。

摘要

提出了一种分析柳柳树冠结构和功能组织的算法。它可用于研究各种树木和灌木的建筑。北方柳属物种的结构和生物学多样性尚未得到充分研究。基于“建筑模型”概念的植物器官研究尤为重要。我们首先使用三年拍摄系统（TYSS's）研究了柳属树冠的结构。已经开发出一种基于性别差异和照明的新技术来研究Salix的建筑模块北方物种。已经研究了16个物种和11种生命形式，它们属于两个主要类别：树木和灌木。对于某些物种，还描述了小精灵生命形式。已经确定了七个建筑模块：树木和高灌木丛中的三个模块，中型灌木丛中的两个模块以及低矮灌木丛中的两个模块。柳属亚种个体的生命形式是在三个建筑模块的基础上形成的，而Vetrix亚科则是在六个建筑模块的基础上形成的。我们已经证明柳属物种的女性个体（除S. acutifolia）与男性相比，拥有更多的TYSS类型。他们吸收的“一年生”芽作为TYSS的一部分，在女性中是男性的1.3到1.7倍。这为它们提供了更大的同化表面。已发现女性个体的冠状结构更分支。在低矮灌木丛中，从休眠芽中生长的一年新芽的频率是树木的3–6倍。树木和高灌木种的树冠的不同部分在长达一年的同化芽的比率上有所不同：它们的最大数目在树冠的中部和上部，而最小数目在树冠的下部。