BACKGROUND:Berries are worldwide recognized as “superfoods” due to the high content of bioactive compounds and the health benefits deriving from their consumption. OBJECTIVE:The present study was planned to assess and to compare the chemical profile and the in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, andanti-inflammatory activities of Vaccinium corymbosum L. berries and leaves extracts obtained by different extraction procedures. Ethanol was chosen as solvent because it is a GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) and widely used for the extraction of polar compounds. METHODS:Different extraction techniques such asmaceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extractor and decoction, have been applied by using food grade ethanol/water as solvent mixture, selected as environmentally friendly solvents. Extracts obtained from fruits and leaves were chemically investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS) and for their potential in vitro antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. RESULTS:Some iridoids were detected for the first time in V. corymbosum. Dried leaves extracted by decoction and ethanol with Soxhlet apparatus showed the highest 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals scavenging activity with IC50 value of 0.77μg/mL, which is 2.2-time lower than that positive control ascorbic acid. A promising inhibition of the production of nitrate/nitrite, critical mediators of inflammation, was found. The decoction of berries showed the highest activity in counteracting nitric oxide (NO.) production. Furthermore, two leaves extracts (decoction of dried leaves and hydroalcoholic maceration of fresh leaves) were particularly active as α-amylase inhibitors with IC50 values of 16.16 and 20.55 μg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:This work could provide valuable basis for future research on V. corymbosum to improve recovery of specific active compounds such as flavonoids and iridoids

中文翻译：

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LC-ESI-QTOF-MS分析，对氧化损伤的保护作用以及与2型糖尿病和牛痘苗（Ericaceae）提取物产生的一氧化氮相关的酶的抑制活性

背景：由于生物活性化合物的含量高以及食用它们带来的健康益处，浆果被全世界公认为“超级食品”。目的：本研究旨在评估和比较不同提取方法获得的越桔越橘和叶提取物的化学特性以及体外抗氧化，降血糖和抗炎活性。选择乙醇作为溶剂是因为它是一种GRAS（公认安全），并且广泛用于极性化合物的提取。方法：采用食品级乙醇/水作为溶剂混合物，选择了浸渍，超声辅助提取，索氏提取器和水煎等不同的提取技术，作为环境友好的溶剂。通过液相色谱-电喷雾电离四极杆飞行时间质谱（LC-ESI-QTOF-MS）对从水果和树叶中提取的提取物进行了化学研究，并研究了其潜在的体外抗氧化，降血糖和抗炎作用。结果：首次在冠状病毒中检测到一些虹彩。用Soxhlet提取液和乙醇提取的干叶表现出最高的2,2'-叠氮基双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）自由基清除活性，IC50值为0.77μg/ mL，为2.2-。时间低于那个阳性对照抗坏血酸。发现了有希望的抑制硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐（炎症的重要介质）的产生的方法。浆果的汤剂在抑制一氧化氮（NO。）产生方面显示出最高的活性。此外，两种叶片提取物（干叶片的煎剂和新鲜叶片的水浸法）作为α-淀粉酶抑制剂特别有效，IC50值分别为16.16和20.55μg/ mL。结论：这项工作可为进一步研究Corymbosum的研究提供有价值的基础，以改善特定活性化合物（如黄酮类化合物和虹膜类化合物）的回收率。