Two experiments studied the role of impact sounds and vibrations in classification of materials. The task consisted of feeling on an actuated surface and listening through headphones to the recorded feedback of a ping-pong ball hitting three flat objects respectively made of wood, plastic, and metal, and then identifying their material. In Experiment 1, sounds and vibrations were recorded by keeping the objects in mechanical isolation. In Experiment 2, recordings were taken while the same objects stood on a table, causing their resonances to fade faster due to mechanical coupling with the support. A control experiment, where participants listened to and touched the real objects in mechanical isolation, showed high accuracy of classification from either sounds (90% correct) or vibrations (67% correct). Classification of reproduced bounces in Experiments 1 and 2 was less precise. In both experiments, the main effect of material was statistically significant; conversely, the main effect of modality (auditory or tactile) was significant only in the control. Identification of plastic and especially metal was less accurate in Experiment 2, suggesting that participants, when possible, classified materials by longer resonance tails. Audio-tactile summation of classification accuracy was found, suggesting that multisensory integration influences the perception of materials. Such results have prospective application to the nonvisual design of virtual buttons, which is the object of our current research.

中文翻译：

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它是乒乓球还是乒乓球？通过弹跳事件对材料进行听觉和触觉分类

两个实验研究了冲击声和振动在材料分类中的作用。该任务包括在驱动表面上感觉并通过耳机聆听记录的乒乓球击中三个分别由木头、塑料和金属制成的平面物体的反馈，然后识别它们的材料。在实验 1 中，通过将物体保持机械隔离来记录声音和振动。在实验 2 中，记录是在相同的物体站在桌子上时进行的，由于与支架的机械耦合，导致它们的共振衰减得更快。一项对照实验，参与者在机械隔离的情况下聆听和触摸真实物体，显示声音（90% 正确）或振动（67% 正确）的分类精度很高。实验 1 和 2 中再现的反弹的分类不太精确。在这两个实验中，材料的主效应具有统计学意义；相反，模态（听觉或触觉）的主要影响仅在对照组中显着。在实验 2 中，塑料尤其是金属的识别不太准确，这表明参与者在可能的情况下通过更长的共振尾线对材料进行分类。发现分类准确性的听觉触觉总和，表明多感官整合影响材料的感知。这些结果对虚拟按钮的非视觉设计具有前瞻性的应用，这是我们当前研究的对象。模态（听觉或触觉）的主要影响仅在对照中显着。在实验 2 中，塑料尤其是金属的识别不太准确，这表明参与者在可能的情况下通过更长的共振尾线对材料进行分类。发现分类准确度的听觉触觉总和，表明多感官整合影响材料的感知。这些结果对虚拟按钮的非视觉设计具有前瞻性的应用，这是我们当前研究的对象。模态（听觉或触觉）的主要影响仅在对照中显着。在实验 2 中，塑料尤其是金属的识别不太准确，这表明参与者在可能的情况下通过更长的共振尾线对材料进行分类。发现分类准确度的听觉触觉总和，表明多感官整合影响材料的感知。这些结果对虚拟按钮的非视觉设计具有前瞻性的应用，这是我们当前研究的对象。表明多感官整合会影响对材料的感知。这些结果对虚拟按钮的非视觉设计具有前瞻性的应用，这是我们当前研究的对象。表明多感官整合会影响对材料的感知。这些结果对虚拟按钮的非视觉设计具有前瞻性的应用，这是我们当前研究的对象。