Thick AISI 304L stainless steel plates were welded using the gas metal arc welding process, and through-thickness residual stresses were evaluated by finite element simulation and the deep hole drilling technique. 3D moving heat source-based thermo-mechanical models were implemented to evaluate through-thickness residual stresses. The effects of the weld groove geometries and external restraints on the pattern of through-thickness residual stresses were studied. The maximum magnitude of locked-in residual stresses was recorded beneath the top surface, at a depth of around 6 mm. In comparison to conventional weld groove, the narrow weld groove configuration exhibited a 20–40% reduction in peak residual stresses. A significant rise in residual stresses was observed in constrained welds. The effect of the yield strength of the filler material on the evaluation of the through-thickness residual stress distribution in the course of finite element modeling was illustrated. The evolution of through-thickness residual stresses was also assessed concerning each weld pass.

中文翻译：

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常规和窄槽不锈钢焊缝全厚度残余应力的评估

采用气体保护金属电弧焊工艺焊接厚 AISI 304L 不锈钢板，并通过有限元模拟和深孔钻孔技术评估全厚度残余应力。实施了基于 3D 移动热源的热机械模型来评估全厚度残余应力。研究了焊接坡口几何形状和外部约束对全厚度残余应力模式的影响。锁定残余应力的最大值记录在顶面下方，深度约为 6 毫米。与传统的焊缝相比，窄焊缝配置的峰值残余应力降低了 20-40%。在受约束的焊缝中观察到残余应力显着升高。说明了在有限元建模过程中，填充材料的屈服强度对全厚度残余应力分布评估的影响。还评估了关于每个焊道的全厚度残余应力的演变。