To date, carbon dots (CDs) or carbon quantum dots (CQDs), considered as alternatives to conventional fluorescent materials such as organic dyes and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), have drawn significant attention from relevant researchers due to their superior properties, including nontoxicity, biocompatibility, low cost and facile synthesis, and high photoluminescence. In particular, doping heteroatoms with CDs can not only dramatically enhance the fluorescence but also greatly improve the electronic structure and doped CDs have been successfully applied in various technological fields. Herein, this minireview summarizes recent advances on the synthesis and optical properties of doped CDs and their promising applications for photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. Finally, some challenging issues as well as future perspectives of this exciting material are discussed.

中文翻译：

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对光催化和电催化应用中的掺杂碳点的简要评论。

迄今为止，碳点（CD）或碳量子点（CQD）被认为是诸如有机染料和半导体量子点（QD）等常规荧光材料的替代品，由于其优越的性能（包括无毒性）而引起了相关研究人员的极大关注。 ，生物相容性，低成本，易于合成以及高光致发光。特别地，用CD掺杂杂原子不仅可以显着增强荧光，而且可以极大地改善电子结构，并且掺杂的CD已经成功地应用于各种技术领域。在这里，本小型综述总结了掺杂CD的合成和光学性质及其在光催化和电催化方面的应用前景的最新进展。最后，