Abstract

We aimed to quantify and generate comprehensive evidence on the associations of different fatty acids (FAs) with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched for prospective cohort studies that examined the association between FA biomarkers and the risk of T2DM published before 18 May 2020. Random-effects meta-analyses of the effects of FA concentration on T2DM were performed. Thirty-three studies involving 95,810 adults (19,904 cases) were included. Divergent associations of different types of FAs with type 2 diabetes were observed. The pooled relative risk (RRs) of T2DM comparing the top versus the bottom tertile of saturated FAs (C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, total saturated FAs), monounsaturated FA (C16:1 n-7), polyunsaturated FA (C20:3 n-6, C22:4 n-6), and Δ-6-desaturase activities ranged from 1.19 to 1.80. Interestingly, unlike previous studies, we found a negative correlation between odd-chain saturated FAs (C15:0, C17:0), trans-FAs (trans-C16:1 n-7), total n-6, Δ-5-desaturase activities and risk of T2DM. The pooled RRs of T2DM comparing the top versus the bottom tertile of these FAs ranged from 0.62 to 0.78. No associations with T2DM were observed for the other FAs. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in our study, and no definitive conclusions can be made until further investigation has been carried out.

摘要

我们旨在量化和生成关于不同脂肪酸 (FA) 与 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 风险关联的综合证据。在 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 Embase 中搜索了前瞻性队列研究，这些研究检查了 2020 年 5 月 18 日之前发表的 FA 生物标志物与 T2DM 风险之间的关联。对 FA 浓度对 T2DM 的影响进行了随机效应荟萃分析。共纳入 33 项研究，涉及 95,810 名成人（19,904 例）。观察到不同类型的 FA 与 2 型糖尿病的不同关联。T2DM 的合并相对风险 (RR) 比较饱和 FA（C14:0、C16:0、C18:0、总饱和 FA）、单不饱和 FA（C16:1 n-7）、多不饱和 FA 的顶部和底部三分位数(C20:3 n-6, C22:4 n-6) 和 Δ-6-去饱和酶活性范围为 1.19 到 1.80。有趣的是，与之前的研究不同，我们发现奇链饱和脂肪酸（C15:0，C17:0）、反式脂肪酸（反式 C16:1 n-7）、总 n-6、Δ-5-去饱和酶活性和 T2DM 风险。比较这些 FA 的顶部和底部三分位数的 T2DM 的汇总 RR 范围从 0.62 到 0.78。对于其他 FA，未观察到与 T2DM 的关联。在我们的研究中观察到相当大的异质性，在进一步调查之前无法得出明确的结论。对于其他 FA，未观察到与 T2DM 的关联。在我们的研究中观察到相当大的异质性，在进一步调查之前无法得出明确的结论。对于其他 FA，未观察到与 T2DM 的关联。在我们的研究中观察到相当大的异质性，在进一步调查之前无法得出明确的结论。