• The intriguing questions concerning gall development refer to the processes of the remodelling of the host plant organ. Such processes involve the restructuring of cell walls and can be influenced by phenolics, indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Alterations in cell walls demand the interference in the coupling of cellulose fibrils and hemicelluloses (xyloglucans) at specific stages of gall development. In addition to cell wall remodelling, hemicelluloses, such as the, xyloglucans and heteromannans can act as reserve carbohydrates, while xylans provide rigidity to the secondary cell walls.
• Developmental traits of the lenticular, fusiform and globoid galls on Inga ingoides (Fabaceae) were analysed using anatomical, cytometric, histochemical and immunocytochemical tools.
• Phenolics, IAA and ROS accumulated in similar gall tissue compartments, and may have influenced the restructuring of hemicelluloses and pectins. Contrary to expectations, cell wall flexibility regarding the dynamics of xyloglucans and cellulose fibrils does not relate to a temporal scale. The detection of xyloglucans in nutritive cell walls relate to carbohydrate nutritional resources to the galling insect, while xylans were associated to the lignified cell walls. Heteromanans were not detected, either in non‐galled or galled tissues.
• The patterns of cell expansion during gall development relied on the relationship among phenolics, ROS and IAA with the hemicelluloses (xyloglucans and xylans) and cellulose fibrils. Although cell wall dynamics is specific to each gall morphotype in I. ingoides, the xyloglucans function as carbohydrate reserve to the gall inducers, which constitutes a functional trait common to the three morphotypes.

中文翻译：

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半纤维素和相关化合物决定胆汁功能性状。

• 有关胆汁发育的有趣问题涉及宿主植物器官的重塑过程。这些过程涉及细胞壁的重组，并可能受到酚类，吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和活性氧（ROS）的影响。细胞壁的变化要求在胆汁发育的特定阶段干扰纤维素原纤维和半纤维素（木葡聚糖）的偶联。除细胞壁重塑外，半纤维素（如木葡聚糖和异甘露聚糖）还可以充当储备糖，而木聚糖则为次级细胞壁提供刚性。
• 使用解剖，细胞计数，组织化学和免疫细胞化学工具分析了印加印加人（豆科）上的柱状，梭形和球状胆的发育特征。
• 酚类，IAA和ROS积累在类似的胆囊组织区室中，可能影响了半纤维素和果胶的重组。与期望相反，关于木葡聚糖和纤维素原纤维的动力学的细胞壁柔性与时间尺度无关。营养细胞壁中木葡聚糖的检测与to虫有关的碳水化合物营养资源，而木聚糖与木质化细胞壁有关。在未擦伤或擦伤的组织中未检测到异源瘤。
• 胆汁发育过程中的细胞膨胀模式依赖于酚类，ROS和IAA与半纤维素（木葡聚糖和木聚糖）和纤维素原纤维之间的关系。尽管细胞壁动力学是对伊格斯虫中每种胆形态的特异性，但木葡聚糖作为胆汁诱导物的碳水化合物储备，构成了三种形态共同的功能性状。