Chemoimmunotherapy‐induced antitumor immune response is highly dependent on tumor autophagy. When tumor cells are treated with chemoimmunotherapy, timely overactivated autophagy can not only lead more tumor cells to death, but also participate in the endogenous antigen presentation and immune stimulators secretion of dying cells, thus plays a vital role. However, timely and accurately overactivated tumor autophagy during chemoimmunotherapy is of great difficulty. Here, an on‐demand autophagy cascade amplification nanoparticle (ASN) is reported to boost oxaliplatin‐induced cancer immunotherapy. ASN is prepared by self‐assemble of autophagy‐responsible C‐TFG micelle and is followed by electrostatic binding of oxaliplatin prodrug (HA‐OXA). After entering tumor cells, the HA‐OXA shell of ASN first responds to the reduction microenvironment and releases oxaliplatin to trigger tumor immunogenic cell death and mildly stimulates tumor autophagy. Then, the exposed C‐TFG micelle can sensitively respond to oxaliplatin‐induced autophagy and release a powerful autophagy inducer STF‐62247, which precisely transforms autophagy to “overactivated” condition, leading tumor cells to autophagic death and enhance subsequent tumor antigen processing of the dying cells. In CT26 tumor‐bearing mice, ASN exhibits optimal immune stimulation and antitumor efficiency due to its on‐demand autophagy induction ability.

中文翻译：

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按需自噬级联扩增纳米粒子精确增强了奥沙利铂诱导的癌症免疫治疗。

化学免疫疗法诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应高度依赖于肿瘤自噬。当用化学免疫疗法治疗肿瘤细胞时，及时过度激活的自噬不仅可以导致更多的肿瘤细胞死亡，还可以参与内源性抗原呈递和垂死细胞的免疫刺激物分泌，因此起着至关重要的作用。然而，在化学免疫治疗过程中及时准确地过度激活肿瘤自噬是非常困难的。在此，据报道按需自噬级联放大纳米颗粒（ASN）可增强奥沙利铂诱导的癌症免疫治疗。ASN是通过自组装负责C-TFG胶束的自组装制备的，然后是奥沙利铂前药（HA-OXA）的静电结合。进入肿瘤细胞后 ASN的HA‐OXA外壳首先对还原微环境作出反应，释放奥沙利铂以触发肿瘤免疫原性细胞死亡，并轻度刺激肿瘤自噬。然后，暴露的C-TFG胶束可以敏感地响应奥沙利铂诱导的自噬并释放出强大的自噬诱导剂STF-62247，它可以将自噬精确地转化为“过度活化”状态，从而导致肿瘤细胞自噬死亡，并增强随后的肿瘤抗原加工。垂死的细胞。在携带CT26肿瘤的小鼠中，ASN由于具有按需自噬诱导能力，因此具有最佳的免疫刺激和抗肿瘤效率。暴露的C-TFG胶束可以敏感地响应奥沙利铂诱导的自噬并释放强大的自噬诱导剂STF-62247，它将自噬精确地转化为“过度活化”状态，从而导致肿瘤细胞自噬死亡，并增强垂死细胞的后续肿瘤抗原加工。在携带CT26肿瘤的小鼠中，ASN由于具有按需自噬诱导能力，因此具有最佳的免疫刺激和抗肿瘤效率。暴露的C-TFG胶束可以敏感地响应奥沙利铂诱导的自噬并释放强大的自噬诱导剂STF-62247，它将自噬精确地转化为“过度活化”状态，从而导致肿瘤细胞自噬死亡，并增强垂死细胞的后续肿瘤抗原加工。在携带CT26肿瘤的小鼠中，ASN由于具有按需自噬诱导能力，因此具有最佳的免疫刺激和抗肿瘤效率。