In organizing elections, a difficult problem is to achieve trust of all voters in the tallying process. Practical elections often lead to recounting of the submitted votes and raise questions about the validity of many submitted votes. There are even situations, when the opposition raises concerns about the validity of the whole election process due to insufficient transparency in the verification of the votes and in tallying. To solve this problem, the present paper proposes a new voting protocol based on the blockchain technology. There are several main advantages of the protocol. It does not rely on a trusted tallying authority. All votes are submitted with complete proofs of validity and are available for public access in an encrypted form. We propose a new encryption mechanism to guarantee that nobody can decrypt the votes, but everyone can verify the validity of the votes as well as the outcome of the tallying process by using the homomorphic property of the encryption. This makes the results of the election publicly verifiable. Our protocol enables all voters to store, verify, and tally all submitted votes which are added to a blockchain database. They allow every voter to rank each candidate by assigning different scores to them, rather than voting for only one candidate. Each vote is encrypted using a new encryption mechanism before submission. For each encrypted score in the vote, proofs are generated and stored. Everyone can use these proofs to verify the correctness and the eligibility of each submission without decrypting the content of the vote. This ensures the validity of the submitted votes in the counting process and at the same time maintains confidentiality. The security and performance analyses included in this paper demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed protocol for implementation in real elections.

在组织选举中，一个困难的问题是在计票过程中获得所有选民的信任。实际选举通常会导致重新计算所提交的选票，并对许多提交的选票的有效性提出疑问。甚至在某些情况下，由于投票核查和计票的透明度不足，反对派也对整个选举过程的有效性表示担忧。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一种基于区块链技术的新投票协议。该协议有几个主要优点。它不依赖于受信任的统计机构。所有投票均附有完整的有效证明，并以加密形式供公众访问。我们提出了一种新的加密机制，以确保没有人可以解密投票，但是每个人都可以通过使用加密的同态属性来验证投票的有效性以及计数过程的结果。这使得选举结果可以公开验证。我们的协议使所有选民能够存储，验证和统计所有已提交的投票，并将其添加到区块链数据库中。它们允许每个投票者通过给他们分配不同的分数来对每个候选人进行排名，而不是仅投票给一个候选人。在提交之前，将使用新的加密机制对每个投票进行加密。对于投票中的每个加密分数，都会生成并存储证明。每个人都可以使用这些证明来验证每个提交内容的正确性和资格，而无需解密投票内容。这确保了点票过程中提交的选票的有效性，同时保持了机密性。本文中包含的安全性和性能分析证明了拟议协议在实际选举中实施的可行性。