In this retrospective study, we aimed to present important anatomical structures and distances for posterior fossa surgery by temporal multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The temporal MDCT images of 317 adult patients (158 males and 159 females) were retrieved from the hospital’s picture archiving and communication system (PACS). In the coronal temporal MDCT views, the cochlea-carotid canal and jugular bulb-mastoid bone outer surface were measured. In the axial MDCT views, the carotid canal-jugular bulb and carotid canal-posterior fossa distances were measured; the carotid canal and jugular bulb anterior-posterior (AP) and transverse dimensions were also measured. The bilateral cochlea-carotid canal, jugular bulb-mastoid bone outer surface, and right carotid canal-jugular bulb distances were significantly greater in the males than those in the females (p < 0.05). The carotid canal-posterior fossa distance was not different in both genders (p > 0.05). The carotid canal-jugular bulb and the carotid canal-posterior fossa distances were greater on the left side than those on the right side in both genders (p < 0.05). In males, the outer surface distance was greater on the left jugular bulb-mastoid bone than that on the right side of that bone (p < 0.05). The difference between the carotid canal AP dimensions was not significant between males and females (p > 0.05). However, the carotid canal transverse dimension, jugular bulb AP, and transverse dimensions were significantly greater in the males than those in the females, bilaterally (p < 0.05). In each gender separately, the carotid canal AP and transverse dimensions were greater on the left side and the jugular bulb AP and transverse dimensions were greater on the right side than those on the left side (p < 0.05). Positive correlations were found between the cochlea-carotid canal, the jugular bulb-mastoid bone outer surface, and the carotid canal-jugular bulb distances as well as between the jugular bulb-mastoid bone outer surface and the carotid canal-posterior fossa distances (p < 0.05). In older patients, the carotid canal-posterior fossa distances were shorter on the left side (p < 0.05). Vascular and neural localizations should be well understood in the operative area before applying the surgical approach in the posterior fossa. Computed tomography (CT) has a greater role in the evaluation of bone structures and vascular canals in this area.

在这项回顾性研究中，我们旨在通过颞部多探测器计算机断层扫描（MDCT）提出后颅窝手术的重要解剖结构和距离。从医院的图片存档和通讯系统（PACS）中检索了317名成年患者（158名男性和159名女性）的颞MDCT图像。在冠状颞部MDCT视图中，测量了耳蜗-颈动脉管和颈球-乳突骨外表面。在轴向MDCT视图中，测量了颈动脉-颈球和颈动脉-后颅窝的距离；还测量了颈管和颈总管的前后（AP）和横向尺寸。双侧耳蜗颈管，颈球-乳突骨外表面，p  ＜0.05）。男女的颈动脉-后颅窝距离无差异（p  > 0.05）。男女的左侧颈动脉-颈静脉球和颈动脉-后颅窝距离均大于右侧（p  <0.05）。在男性中，左颈球状乳突骨的外表面距离大于右侧骨的外表面距离（p  <0.05）。男女之间颈动脉AP尺寸之间的差异不显着（p  > 0.05）。然而，双侧男性的颈总管横向尺寸，颈总管AP和横向尺寸明显大于女性（p <0.05）。分别在每种性别中，左侧的颈总动脉AP和横向尺寸都比左侧的要大，右侧的颈静脉球AP和横向尺寸要比左侧的要大（p  <0.05）。耳蜗-颈动脉，颈球-乳突骨外表面和颈动脉-颈突球之间的距离以及颈球-乳突骨外表面与颈动脉-后颅窝的距离之间存在正相关（p  <0.05）。在老年患者中，左侧的颈动脉-后颅窝距离较短（p <0.05）。在后颅窝进行手术治疗之前，应在手术区域充分了解血管和神经的位置。计算机断层扫描（CT）在评估该区域的骨结构和血管方面具有重要作用。