In this paper, one-step hydrothermal method was used to prepare the graded titanium dioxide hollow microspheres, and the {001} crystal plane was exposed. The silver oxide nanoparticles were deposited on the exposed crystal face of titanium dioxide by wet chemical coprecipitation to form Ag₂O/TiO₂ composite material. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET), and so on. The degradation abilities of Ag₂O/TiO₂ composite materials with different molar ratios to rhodamine B were studied under UV–Vis irradiation. And then the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation was analyzed. The experimental results showed that when the molar ratio of titanium dioxide to silver nitrate was 4:1, the degradation effect was best, and the degradation rate reached 95.4% in 80 min. This outstanding photochemical catalysis performance was mainly due to good cooperation, including exposure of specific crystal planes of TiO₂ hollow microspheres and highly scattered Ag₂O nanoparticles, and the p–n heterostructure between Ag₂O and TiO₂ will induce efficient charge separation efficiency.

本文采用一步水热法制备了梯度二氧化钛空心微球，并暴露了{001}晶面。通过湿化学共沉淀将氧化银纳米颗粒沉积在二氧化钛的暴露晶体表面上，以形成Ag ₂ O / TiO ₂复合材料。通过X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，氮吸附-脱附（BET）等对样品进行表征。Ag ₂ O / TiO ₂的降解能力在紫外-可见光下研究了与罗丹明B不同摩尔比的复合材料。然后分析了光催化降解的机理。实验结果表明，当二氧化钛与硝酸银的摩尔比为4：1时，降解效果最好，在80min内降解率达到95.4％。这种出色的光化学催化性能主要归因于良好的配合，包括暴露TiO ₂中空微球的特定晶面和高度分散的Ag ₂ O纳米粒子，并且Ag ₂ O和TiO ₂之间的p–n异质结构将诱导有效的电荷分离效率。