In this paper we present the experimental results obtained for the formation of use-wear traces on four types of basalt rocks from the Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) and one from the Deba River (Spain). The objective of this study is to create a reference collection that will allow the posterior analysis and identification of archeological use-wear traces on lithic industries made on these different types of basalt, such as the Acheulean lithic industry from Thiongo Korongo site (TK) (Olduvai’s Bed II, ca. 1.353 ± 0.035 Ma.). This study includes five types of basalt, under the objective of understanding in more detail the formation of the use-wear traces. Additionally, we include their individual petrographic, chemical, and traceological interpretations, allowing for an assessment of the intrinsic characteristics in relation to the development of use-wear. The final step of this process includes microscopic analysis for the detailed characterization and description of these use-wear traces. The results obtained reveal the internal structure of basalts as a significant conditioning factor in the development of use-wear traces. Despite this, we have been able to establish several criteria that discriminate between actions and different worked materials. These results offer a fundamental experimental basis for the future interpretation of use-wear traces found in archeological basalts.

中文翻译：

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火山岩用痕迹发展的实验方法：玄武岩

在本文中，我们介绍了在Olduvai峡谷（坦桑尼亚）和Deba河（西班牙）的四种玄武岩上形成使用痕迹的实验结果。这项研究的目的是创建一个参考馆藏，以便对在这些不同类型的玄武岩上制成的石器工业进行考古分析和鉴定考古痕迹，例如Thiongo Korongo网站（TK）的Acheulean石器工业（ Olduvai的Bed II，约1.353±0.035 Ma。这项研究包括五种类型的玄武岩，目的是更详细地了解使用痕迹的形成。此外，我们还包括他们对岩石学，化学学和病理学的个别解释，可以评估与使用磨损发展有关的内在特征。该过程的最后一步包括微观分析，以详细表征和描述这些使用磨损痕迹。获得的结果表明，玄武岩的内部结构是使用痕迹发展过程中的重要条件。尽管如此，我们仍然能够建立一些区分动作和不同工作材料的标准。这些结果为将来解释考古玄武岩中的使用痕迹提供了基本的实验基础。获得的结果表明，玄武岩的内部结构是使用痕迹发展过程中的重要条件。尽管如此，我们仍然能够建立一些区分动作和不同工作材料的标准。这些结果为将来解释考古玄武岩中的使用痕迹提供了基本的实验基础。获得的结果表明，玄武岩的内部结构是使用痕迹发展过程中的重要条件。尽管如此，我们仍然能够建立一些区分动作和不同工作材料的标准。这些结果为将来解释考古玄武岩中的使用痕迹提供了基本的实验基础。