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Gut microbiome: A possible common therapeutic target for treatment of atherosclerosis and cancer
Seminars in Cancer Biology ( IF 14.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.017
Wei-Kai Wu , Ekaterina A. Ivanova , Alexander N. Orekhov

Human gut microbiota is a dynamic and variable system that can change over time and in response to different diets and treatments. There is currently no doubt that gut microbiota can provide interesting therapeutic opportunities, since it can metabolize biologically active molecules, drugs, and their precursors, and control their bioavailability. Moreover, it can produce both beneficial and dangerous metabolites that influence host’s health. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the involvement of gut microbiota in two chronic human pathologies that represent the greatest challenges of modern medicine: atherosclerosis and cancer. Interesting parallels are observed between the mechanisms and possible treatment approaches of these pathologies. Some of the common effects of therapeutic agents targeting both pathologies, such as anti-inflammatory activity, are partially mediated by the gut microbiota. We will discuss the effects of common drugs (metformin, statins and aspirin) and various nutraceuticals on gut microbiota and outline the pathways of microbial involvement in mediating the pleiotropic beneficial effects of these agents in atherosclerosis and cancer.



中文翻译:

肠道微生物组:治疗动脉粥样硬化和癌症的可能常见治疗靶点

人类肠道微生物群是一个动态且可变的系统,它会随着时间的推移以及对不同饮食和治疗的反应而发生变化。目前毫无疑问,肠道微生物群可以提供有趣的治疗机会,因为它可以代谢生物活性分子、药物及其前体,并控制它们的生物利用度。此外,它可以产生影响宿主健康的有益和危险的代谢物。在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前关于肠道微生物群参与两种慢性人类疾病的知识,这些疾病代表了现代医学面临的最大挑战:动脉粥样硬化和癌症。在这些病理的机制和可能的治疗方法之间观察到有趣的相似之处。针对这两种病理的治疗剂的一些共同作用,例如抗炎活性,部分是由肠道微生物群介导的。我们将讨论常见药物(二甲双胍、他汀类药物和阿司匹林)和各种营养保健品对肠道微生物群的影响,并概述微生物参与介导这些药物对动脉粥样硬化和癌症的多效性有益作用的途径。

更新日期:2020-06-28
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