Abstract Combining high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and 3-dimensional atom probe tomography (3D-APT), the early stages of nucleation and growth of vanadium carbonitrides (VCN) were revealed. VCN nucleation starts with locally distorted body-centered cubic (bcc) lattices due to a substitution of Fe atoms by V atoms, which results in the formation of an intermediate coherent crystal structure within the ferrite matrix. Misfit strain self-accommodation leads to twining within the VCN particles. As the particles grow, the precipitates gradually lose coherency and grow into discs or plates. Simultaneously, the intermediate crystal structure of the nucleus transforms into the equilibrium VCN-structure.

中文翻译：

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揭示微合金钢中碳氮化钒的两步形核和生长机制

摘要 结合高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HR-TEM) 和 3 维原子探针断层扫描 (3D-APT)，揭示了碳氮化钒 (VCN) 成核和生长的早期阶段。由于 V 原子取代了 Fe 原子，VCN 成核开始于局部扭曲的体心立方 (bcc) 晶格，这导致在铁氧体基质内形成中间相干晶体结构。失配应变自调节导致 VCN 颗粒内的缠绕。随着颗粒的生长，沉淀物逐渐失去凝聚力并生长成盘状或板状。同时，原子核的中间晶体结构转变为平衡 VCN 结构。