Lithium-sulfur batteries with high energy density and low cost are widely recognized as one of the most promising next generation energy storage devices. However, their practical applications are hampered by the notorious polysulfide shuttle effect, which leads to a series of problems including the loss of active materials and poor cycling efficiency. We herein develop a Ni nanoparticles embedded in silica (Ni/SiO₂) nanosheet spheres, which are mixed with graphene, and then coated on the separator as a highly effective lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) blocking layer. The Ni/SiO₂/Graphene-modified separator is able to anchor LiPSs through affinity towards LiPSs by silica and Ni atoms, and enable rapid conversion between LiPSs and Li₂S₂/Li₂S by abundant Ni catalytic sites. The mesoporous hollow structure of the Ni/SiO₂ nanosheet spheres also facilitates Li⁺ diffusion. As a result, Li–S batteries with the Ni/SiO₂/Graphene-modified separator achieve a stable cycling performance (specific capacity of 922 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles, with the cyclic decay rate of 0.28%), coulombic efficiency of approximately 100%, and a high rate capability (782 mAh g⁻¹ at 2 C). Our work provides an effective strategy to build a multifunctional separator for highly stable Li–S batteries.

具有高能量密度和低成本的锂硫电池被公认为最有前途的下一代储能设备之一。然而，臭名昭著的多硫化物穿梭效应阻碍了它们的实际应用，这导致了一系列问题，包括活性物质的损失和较差的循环效率。我们在本文中开发出嵌入二氧化硅（Ni / SiO ₂）纳米片球体中的Ni纳米颗粒，将其与石墨烯混合，然后作为高效的多硫化锂（LiPSs）阻挡层涂覆在隔板上。Ni / SiO ₂ /石墨烯修饰的隔膜能够通过二氧化硅和Ni原子对LiPS的亲和力来锚定LiPS，并能在LiPS和Li ₂ S ₂ / Li之间快速转化₂ ■通过丰富的镍催化位点。Ni / SiO ₂纳米片球的中孔空心结构也有助于Li ⁺扩散。结果，带有Ni / SiO ₂ /石墨烯修饰隔膜的Li–S电池实现了稳定的循环性能（100次循环后的比容量为922 mAh g ^-1，循环衰减率为0.28％），库仑效率为约100％，以及高倍率容量（在2 C下为782 mAh g ^-1）。我们的工作为构建用于高度稳定的Li–S电池的多功能隔膜提供了有效的策略。