The diverse pleurostict (phytophagous) scarab beetles with characteristically clubbed antennae exhibit striking morphological variation and a variety of different antennal sensilla. Here we compare the morphology of the antennal surface between major pleurostict lineages, including Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, Melolonthinae, Rutelinae, and a few outgroups, including Scarabaeinae and Hybosoridae. We identified various types of antennal sensilla morphologically and searched for phylogenetic patterns of sensilla within the Scarabaeidae. Sensilla were examined using SEM micrographs of 36 species and the occurrence of the different types of antennal sensilla was studied for each species. We observed a high diversity of sensilla, including multiple transitional forms. There were also a number of other interesting structures on the antennal surface with adaptive value, such as elongate elevations, serial bags, and fields of setae. Our results confirm earlier findings that within pleurostict scarabs there has occurred a clear differentiation of sensilla composition and patterns.

中文翻译：

---

胸膜甲虫（鞘翅目）触角表面结构的比较形态学

具有典型的棒状触角的多样化胸膜（植食性）圣甲虫表现出惊人的形态变化和各种不同的触角感受器。在这里，我们比较了主要胸膜支系之间触角表面的形态，包括 Cetoniinae、Dynastinae、Melolonthae、Rutelinae 和一些外群，包括 Scarabaeinae 和 Hybosoridae。我们从形态学上鉴定了各种类型的触角感受器，并在金龟科中寻找感受器的系统发育模式。使用 36 个物种的 SEM 显微照片检查感受器，并研究了每个物种不同类型触角感受器的发生情况。我们观察到高度多样性的感受器，包括多种过渡形式。触角表面上还有许多其他有趣的结构，具有自适应价值，例如细长的高度、连续袋和刚毛区域。我们的结果证实了早先的发现，即在胸膜甲虫中，感觉器的组成和模式发生了明显的分化。