Repeated stimulus presentations commonly produce decreased neural responses—a phenomenon known as repetition suppression (RS) or adaptation—in ventral temporal cortex (VTC) of humans and nonhuman primates. However, the temporal features of RS in human VTC are not well understood. To fill this gap in knowledge, we utilized the precise spatial localization and high temporal resolution of electrocorticography (ECoG) from nine human subjects implanted with intracranial electrodes in the VTC. The subjects viewed nonrepeated and repeated images of faces with long-lagged intervals and many intervening stimuli between repeats. We report three main findings: 1) robust RS occurs in VTC for activity in high-frequency broadband (HFB), but not lower-frequency bands; 2) RS of the HFB signal is associated with lower peak magnitude (PM), lower total responses, and earlier peak responses; and 3) RS effects occur early within initial stages of stimulus processing and persist for the entire stimulus duration. We discuss these findings in the context of early and late components of visual perception, as well as theoretical models of repetition suppression.

中文翻译：

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人类腹侧颞叶皮层的颅内记录揭示了重复抑制的不同时间动态。

在人类和非人类灵长类动物的腹侧颞叶皮层 (VTC) 中，重复刺激呈现通常会导致神经反应减弱——一种称为重复抑制 (RS) 或适应的现象。然而，人类 VTC 中 RS 的时间特征尚不清楚。为了填补这一知识空白，我们利用了 9 名在 VTC 中植入颅内电极的人类受试者的皮层电图 (ECoG) 的精确空间定位和高时间分辨率。受试者观看非重复和重复的面部图像，间隔时间长，重复之间有许多干预刺激。我们报告了三个主要发现：1) VTC 中高频宽带 (HFB) 活动中出现了强大的 RS，但低频段没有；2) HFB 信号的 RS 与较低的峰值幅度 (PM)、较低的总响应相关，和更早的峰值响应；和 3) RS 效应在刺激处理的初始阶段早期发生，并持续整个刺激持续时间。我们在视觉感知的早期和晚期成分以及重复抑制的理论模型的背景下讨论这些发现。