Study of immunological features of immune response in 14 children (aged from 12 days up to 15 years) and of 10 adults who developed COVID‐19 show increased number of activated CD4 and CD8 cells expressing DR and higher plasmatic levels of IL‐12 and IL‐1β in adults with COVID‐19, but not in children. In addition, plasmatic levels of CCL5/RANTES are higher in children and adults with COVID‐19, while CXCL9/MIG was only increased in adults. Higher number of activated T cells and expression of IL‐12 and CXCL9 suggest prominent Th1 polarization of immune response against SARS‐CoV2 in infected adults as compared with children.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 儿童的免疫反应的特点是 T 细胞激活水平低于受感染的成人。

对 14 名患有 COVID-19 的儿童（年龄从 12 天至 15 岁）和 10 名成人的免疫反应的免疫学特征进行的研究显示，表达 DR 的活化 CD4 和 CD8 细胞数量增加，血浆 IL-12 和 IL 水平升高‐1β 在患有 COVID-19 的成人中出现，但在儿童中则不然。此外，患有 COVID-19 的儿童和成人中 CCL5/RANTES 的血浆水平较高，而 CXCL9/MIG 仅在成人中升高。与儿童相比，激活的 T 细胞数量以及 IL-12 和 CXCL9 的表达较高，表明感染的成人针对 SARS-CoV2 的免疫反应存在明显的 Th1 极化。