This work presents experimental results on the catalytic effect of volcanic sand on the simultaneous removal of naproxen, ketoprofen, and cimetidine by ozonation. Catalyst characterization included XRD, EDX, XRF, SEM and physisorption analysis. Removal assays at laboratory scale in a semi-batch reactor showed enhanced removal by the presence of the catalyst at pH 4, but no difference was found at higher pH values. Furthermore, the immobilization of different amounts of TiO₂ (2.5 % and 5.0 %) on the sand surface revealed that TiO₂ exerted an adverse effect on the catalytic activity at pH 4, lowering ketoprofen removal by up to 41.3 %. Likewise, the highest and fastest removal at pH 4 was obtained using a catalyst dose of 1 g/L and dosing ozone at 15 mg/L (72.5 % ketoprofen; 90.7 % total pharmaceuticals), reaching more than 80 % total elimination after only one minute of treatment. Catalyst reusability evaluated over 5 cycles demonstrated efficient elimination of the pharmaceuticals, with only slight decrease in ketoprofen elimination. Finally, heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of ketoprofen was applied in a real wastewater matrix, obtaining a removal of 75.9 % after 40 min of reaction; this represents a similar efficiency to that achieved in synthetic wastewater.

这项工作提出了关于火山砂对臭氧的同时去除萘普生，酮洛芬和西咪替丁的催化作用的实验结果。催化剂表征包括XRD，EDX，XRF，SEM和物理吸附分析。在半间歇式反应器中，实验室规模的去除分析表明，在pH为4的条件下，催化剂的存在可提高去除效果，但在更高的pH值下，则无差异。此外，将不同数量的TiO ₂（2.5％和5.0％）固定在砂面上表明TiO ₂对pH 4时的催化活性产生不利影响，使酮洛芬的去除率降低多达41.3％。同样，使用1 g / L的催化剂剂量和15 mg / L的臭氧剂量（72.5％酮洛芬； 90.7％的药物总量）获得在pH 4时最快，最快的去除效果，仅使用一种即可达到80％以上的总消除率。分钟的治疗。在5个周期内评估的催化剂可重复使用性表明，该药物可以有效消除，而酮洛芬的消除仅略有减少。最后，将酮洛芬的非均相催化臭氧化反应用于实际废水基质中，反应40分钟后去除率为75.9％。这代表了与合成废水类似的效率。